Level |
Name |
Type |
No. of Studies |
Evidence from Studies |
Reference |
Description |
Test method |
|
rs2715148 |
SNP |
2
|
Sullivan, 2009 |
Of the top 200, 11 signals localized to ......
Of the top 200, 11 signals localized to a 167 kb region overlapping the gene piccolo (PCLO, whose protein product localizes to the cytomatrix of the presynaptic active zone and is important in monoaminergic neurotransmission in the brain) with P-values of 7.7 x 10(-7) for rs2715148 and 1.2 x 10(-6) for rs2522833.
More...
|
genotyping |
Aragam, 2011 |
We identified 40 male-specific and 56 fe......
We identified 40 male-specific and 56 female-specific MDD associated SNPs with P-values less than 10(-4). The best male-specific SNP was rs9352774 (P=2.26x10(-6)) within LGSN gene while the best female-specific SNP was rs2715148 (P=5.64x10(-7)) within PCLO gene.
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs3779250 |
SNP |
1
|
Ishitobi Y, 2012 |
The SNP rs110402 and rs242924 in the CRH......
The SNP rs110402 and rs242924 in the CRHR1 gene and the rs3779250 in the CRHR2 gene were associated with MDD
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs12692709 |
SNP |
1
|
Aragam, 2011 |
We also found 38 SNPs showing genexgende......
We also found 38 SNPs showing genexgender interactions in influencing MDD (P<10(-4)). The best SNP was rs12692709 (P=5.75x10(-6)) near FIGN gene at 2q24.3 while the next best SNP was rs11039588 (P=1.16x10(-5)) within OR4B1 gene.
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs2464805 |
SNP |
1
|
Yang Z, 2012 |
Two SNPs (rs2464805 and rs563556) within......
Two SNPs (rs2464805 and rs563556) within the APC gene exhibited a statistically significant association with MDD when analyzed by genotype and allele frequencies
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs9352774 |
SNP |
1
|
Aragam, 2011 |
We identified 40 male-specific and 56 fe......
We identified 40 male-specific and 56 female-specific MDD associated SNPs with P-values less than 10(-4). The best male-specific SNP was rs9352774 (P=2.26x10(-6)) within LGSN gene while the best female-specific SNP was rs2715148 (P=5.64x10(-7)) within PCLO gene.
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs563556 |
SNP |
1
|
Yang Z, 2012 |
Two SNPs (rs2464805 and rs563556) within......
Two SNPs (rs2464805 and rs563556) within the APC gene exhibited a statistically significant association with MDD when analyzed by genotype and allele frequencies
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs1513105 |
SNP |
1
|
Shi C, 2012 |
Of the 16 SNPs selected, rs1513105 was t......
Of the 16 SNPs selected, rs1513105 was the only one showing allelic association (chi2=9.019, p=0.0027) and genotypic association (chi2=8.813, df=2, p=0.012), of which the rs1513105(C) allele was associated with an increased risk of MDD (OR=1.331, 95% CI 1.104-1.604), but the rs1513105 association resulted mainly from female subjects (chi2=12.35, p=0.00044 for allelic association; chi2=11.26, df=2, p=0.0036 for genotypic association).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs2710102 |
SNP |
1
|
Ji W, 2012 |
We found that the genotypes of rs1723623......
We found that the genotypes of rs17236239 were significantly associated with schizophrenia (P=0.0026), and the alleles of rs2710102 (P=0.0031) and rs2710117 (P=0.0031) were significantly associated with major depression.
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs13074924 |
SNP |
1
|
Lewis, 2010 |
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs619002 |
SNP |
1
|
Shi C, 2012 |
The conditional test showed disease asso......
The conditional test showed disease association for the rs619002(EHD3)-rs1112714(FREM3) combination (P = 0.0059) and for the rs644926(EHD3)-rs13130123(FREM3) combination (P = 0.007), of which a reduced risk was found for the rs619002(G)-rs1112714(T) combination (OR = 0, P = 4.02 x 10(-6) ) and for the rs644926(A)-rs11938298(G) combination (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.035-0.39, P = 3.85 x 10(-6) ). Quantitative trait analysis revealed that rs13130123 in the FREM3 locus was strongly associated with the insomnia early symptom in patients carrying the rs619002(G) allele (P = 0.001) and those carrying the rs644926(A) allele (P = 0.00077).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs2710117 |
SNP |
1
|
Ji W, 2012 |
We found that the genotypes of rs1723623......
We found that the genotypes of rs17236239 were significantly associated with schizophrenia (P=0.0026), and the alleles of rs2710102 (P=0.0031) and rs2710117 (P=0.0031) were significantly associated with major depression.
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs310501 |
SNP |
1
|
Lewis, 2010 |
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs1112714 |
SNP |
1
|
Shi C, 2012 |
The conditional test showed disease asso......
The conditional test showed disease association for the rs619002(EHD3)-rs1112714(FREM3) combination (P = 0.0059) and for the rs644926(EHD3)-rs13130123(FREM3) combination (P = 0.007), of which a reduced risk was found for the rs619002(G)-rs1112714(T) combination (OR = 0, P = 4.02 x 10(-6) ) and for the rs644926(A)-rs11938298(G) combination (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.035-0.39, P = 3.85 x 10(-6) ). Quantitative trait analysis revealed that rs13130123 in the FREM3 locus was strongly associated with the insomnia early symptom in patients carrying the rs619002(G) allele (P = 0.001) and those carrying the rs644926(A) allele (P = 0.00077).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs9939609 |
SNP |
1
|
Samaan Z, 2012 |
A meta-analysis of the four studies show......
A meta-analysis of the four studies showed a significant inverse association between the obesity risk FTO rs9939609 A variant and depression (odds ratio=0.92 (0.89, 0.97), P=3 x 10(-4)) adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity/population structure and body-mass index (BMI) with no significant between-study heterogeneity (I(2)=0%, P=0.63).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs4709845 |
SNP |
1
|
Lewis, 2010 |
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs644926 |
SNP |
1
|
Shi C, 2012 |
The conditional test showed disease asso......
The conditional test showed disease association for the rs619002(EHD3)-rs1112714(FREM3) combination (P = 0.0059) and for the rs644926(EHD3)-rs13130123(FREM3) combination (P = 0.007), of which a reduced risk was found for the rs619002(G)-rs1112714(T) combination (OR = 0, P = 4.02 x 10(-6) ) and for the rs644926(A)-rs11938298(G) combination (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.035-0.39, P = 3.85 x 10(-6) ). Quantitative trait analysis revealed that rs13130123 in the FREM3 locus was strongly associated with the insomnia early symptom in patients carrying the rs619002(G) allele (P = 0.001) and those carrying the rs644926(A) allele (P = 0.00077).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs606149 |
SNP |
1
|
Lewis, 2010 |
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs13130123 |
SNP |
1
|
Shi C, 2012 |
The conditional test showed disease asso......
The conditional test showed disease association for the rs619002(EHD3)-rs1112714(FREM3) combination (P = 0.0059) and for the rs644926(EHD3)-rs13130123(FREM3) combination (P = 0.007), of which a reduced risk was found for the rs619002(G)-rs1112714(T) combination (OR = 0, P = 4.02 x 10(-6) ) and for the rs644926(A)-rs11938298(G) combination (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.035-0.39, P = 3.85 x 10(-6) ). Quantitative trait analysis revealed that rs13130123 in the FREM3 locus was strongly associated with the insomnia early symptom in patients carrying the rs619002(G) allele (P = 0.001) and those carrying the rs644926(A) allele (P = 0.00077).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs7713917 |
SNP |
1
|
Rietschel, 2010 |
rs7713917 showed nominally significant a......
rs7713917 showed nominally significant association in both the genome-wide association study and the replication samples(p(combined) = 1.48E-6).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs10447760 |
SNP |
1
|
Li T, 2012 |
We found rs10447760 was significantly as......
We found rs10447760 was significantly associated with schizophrenia (allelic P = 0.00069) and major depression (allelic P = 0.0011)
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs9943849 |
SNP |
1
|
Rietschel, 2010 |
rs9943849 showed nominally significant a......
rs9943849 showed nominally significant association in both the genome-wide association study and the replication samples (p(combined) = 3.24E-6).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs110402 |
SNP |
1
|
Ishitobi Y, 2012 |
The SNP rs110402 and rs242924 in the CRH......
The SNP rs110402 and rs242924 in the CRHR1 gene and the rs3779250 in the CRHR2 gene were associated with MDD
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs2522833 |
SNP |
1
|
Sullivan, 2009 |
Of the top 200, 11 signals localized to ......
Of the top 200, 11 signals localized to a 167 kb region overlapping the gene piccolo (PCLO, whose protein product localizes to the cytomatrix of the presynaptic active zone and is important in monoaminergic neurotransmission in the brain) with P-values of 7.7 x 10(-7) for rs2715148 and 1.2 x 10(-6) for rs2522833.
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
rs242924 |
SNP |
1
|
Ishitobi Y, 2012 |
The SNP rs110402 and rs242924 in the CRH......
The SNP rs110402 and rs242924 in the CRHR1 gene and the rs3779250 in the CRHR2 gene were associated with MDD
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
SLC6A4 |
gene |
4
|
Garriock, 2006 |
A statistically significant difference i......
A statistically significant difference in genotype frequency for the SLC6A4 intron 2 VNTR was detected between the subjects with a history of depression and controls (p = 0.004).
More...
|
genotyping |
Sarosi, 2011 |
We found a significantly higher frequenc......
We found a significantly higher frequency of the STin2 10/10 genotype in the MDD patient group compared to controls.
More...
|
genotyping; neuropsychological test |
erlis, 2010 |
In clinical populations of individuals d......
In clinical populations of individuals diagnosed with major depression, approximately 3 in 1,000 carried expanded HTT CAG alleles
More...
|
genotyping |
Neumeister, 2006 |
A direct effect of 5-HTTLPR on the regul......
A direct effect of 5-HTTLPR on the regulation of regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose was identified in patients with rMDD for the amygdala, hippocampus, and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET); dose administration; genotyping |
|
Top |
|
CREB1 |
gene |
2
|
Liu, 2010 |
There was strong positive association be......
There was strong positive association between the rs10932201-rs6740584 haplotype of the CREB1 and MDD (P=0.00003241), and both haplotypes of A-C and A-T were significantly associated with MDD (P=0.020 and P=0.00022)
More...
|
genotyping; transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) |
Zubenko, 2003 |
The highest maximum LOD score observed, ......
The highest maximum LOD score observed, 8.19 (genome-wide adjusted P << 0.0001), occurred for Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder (R-MDD) at D2S2321 (205 cM), located 121 kb proximal to CREB1
More...
|
linkage analysis |
|
Top |
|
LOC647167 |
gene |
1
|
Lewis, 2010 |
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
CAPRIN1 |
gene |
1
|
Spijker, 2010 |
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expre......
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expression using whole-genome microarrays, this gene serves as a molecular signature of MDD
More...
|
microarray |
|
Top |
|
CSF2RB |
gene |
1
|
Chen, 2011 |
Haplotype association analysis revealed ......
Haplotype association analysis revealed one protective haplotype in CSF2RB (P value = 0.0004 for MDD) and one risk haplotype in CSF2RB (P value = 0.001 for MDD)
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
LOC728275 |
gene |
1
|
Lewis, 2010 |
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
CLEC4A |
gene |
1
|
Spijker, 2010 |
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expre......
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expression using whole-genome microarrays, this gene serves as a molecular signature of MDD
More...
|
microarray |
|
Top |
|
HTR1A |
gene |
1
|
Lopez-Figueroa, 2004 |
In the DLPFC(dorsolateral prefrontal cor......
In the DLPFC(dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), there is a significant decrease in 5-HT(1A) mRNA of subjects with MDD
More...
|
in situ hybridization |
|
Top |
|
NLGN1 |
gene |
1
|
Lewis, 2010 |
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
KRT23 |
gene |
1
|
Spijker, 2010 |
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expre......
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expression using whole-genome microarrays, this gene serves as a molecular signature of MDD
More...
|
microarray |
|
Top |
|
PCLO |
gene |
1
|
Sullivan, 2009 |
Of the top 200, 11 signals localized to ......
Of the top 200, 11 signals localized to a 167 kb region overlapping the gene piccolo (PCLO, whose protein product localizes to the cytomatrix of the presynaptic active zone and is important in monoaminergic neurotransmission in the brain) with P-values of 7.7 x 10(-7) for rs2715148 and 1.2 x 10(-6) for rs2522833.
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
VCAN |
gene |
1
|
Lewis, 2010 |
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
associated with MDD(P <10 -5)
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
MLC1 |
gene |
1
|
Spijker, 2010 |
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expre......
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expression using whole-genome microarrays, this gene serves as a molecular signature of MDD
More...
|
microarray |
|
Top |
|
NPY |
gene |
1
|
Mickey, 2011 |
Low-expression NPY genotypes were overre......
Low-expression NPY genotypes were overrepresented in subjects with MDD after controlling for age and sex (P = .004).
More...
|
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); genotyping |
|
Top |
|
SLC18A2 |
gene |
1
|
Christiansen, 2007 |
A specific haplotype in VMAT2, the gene ......
A specific haplotype in VMAT2, the gene encoding the vesicular monoamine transporter, was significantly associated with depression symptoms in men (p= .007).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
PLSCR1 |
gene |
1
|
Spijker, 2010 |
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expre......
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expression using whole-genome microarrays, this gene serves as a molecular signature of MDD
More...
|
microarray |
|
Top |
|
CRHR1 |
gene |
1
|
Hsu, 2012 |
Among GG-homozygotes, BOLD signal in the......
Among GG-homozygotes, BOLD signal in the subgenual cingulate was greater in MDD participants (n = 9) compared with controls (n = 33).
More...
|
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); genotyping |
|
Top |
|
BDNF |
gene |
1
|
Lau, 2010 |
Significant effects of diagnosis and dia......
Significant effects of diagnosis and diagnosis-by-genotype interactions (F's>4, p's<0.05) characterized activations in amygdala and anterior hippocampal regions. Greater activations in patients than healthy adolescents were found. Critically, these hyperactivations were modulated by BDNF genotype: Met-carriers showed greater neural responses of emotional faces than Val/Val homozygotes in patients only.
More...
|
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); genotyping |
|
Top |
|
PROK2 |
gene |
1
|
Spijker, 2010 |
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expre......
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expression using whole-genome microarrays, this gene serves as a molecular signature of MDD
More...
|
microarray |
|
Top |
|
SYNE1 |
gene |
1
|
Green EK, 2012 |
We have also examined the polymorphism i......
We have also examined the polymorphism in our recurrent unipolar depression cases (n=1159) and control (n=2592) sample, and found that the risk allele was associated with risk for recurrent major depression (P=0.032, OR=1.118)
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
FGFR3 |
gene |
1
|
Bernard, 2010 |
The expression of this gene was altered ......
The expression of this gene was altered in the locus coeruleus of MDD
More...
|
laser-capture microdissection (LCM); microarray; Q-PCR |
|
Top |
|
ZBTB16 |
gene |
1
|
Spijker, 2010 |
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expre......
Based on LPS-stimulated blood gene expression using whole-genome microarrays, this gene serves as a molecular signature of MDD
More...
|
microarray |
|
Top |
|
CYP2C9 |
gene |
1
|
A, 2003 |
The CYP2C9*3 allele frequency was higher......
The CYP2C9*3 allele frequency was higher (P<0.01) among the patients suffering from major depression than in a population of 89 schizophrenic patients (odds ratio=3.3) and 138 healthy volunteers (odds ratio=2.8).
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
GLUL |
gene |
1
|
Bernard, 2010 |
The expression of this gene was altered ......
The expression of this gene was altered in the locus coeruleus of MDD
More...
|
laser-capture microdissection (LCM); microarray; Q-PCR |
|
Top |
|
MAPK1 |
gene |
1
|
Duric, 2010 |
Whole-genome expression profiling of pos......
Whole-genome expression profiling of postmortem tissue shows significantly increased expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP-1, encoded by DUSP1, but hereafter called MKP-1) in the hippocampal subfields of subjects with MDD compared to matched controls.
More...
|
whole-genome expression profiling; transgenic method; sucrose preference test; active avoidance test; novelty suppressed feeding test; sucrose consumption test; elevated plus maze; open field test; forced swimming test |
|
Top |
|
SLC1A2 |
gene |
1
|
Bernard, 2010 |
The expression of this gene was altered ......
The expression of this gene was altered in the locus coeruleus of MDD
More...
|
laser-capture microdissection (LCM); microarray; Q-PCR |
|
Top |
|
RORC |
gene |
1
|
Chen, 2010 |
A higher level of RORgammat (retinoic ac......
A higher level of RORgammat (retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-gammat, the specific transcription factor of Th17 cell) mRNA expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes was found in patient.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis; flow cytometric analysis; RT-PCR; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) |
|
Top |
|
CCBL2 |
gene |
1
|
Claes, 2011 |
The frequencies of SNP haplotype CGCTCT ......
The frequencies of SNP haplotype CGCTCT of KAT III gene in patients with major depression showed significantly higher than the control population (p<0.001)
More...
|
genotyping |
|
Top |
|
SLC1A3 |
gene |
1
|
Bernard, 2010 |
The expression of this gene was altered ......
The expression of this gene was altered in the locus coeruleus of MDD
More...
|
laser-capture microdissection (LCM); microarray; Q-PCR |
|
Top |
|
EMP1 |
gene |
1
|
Nakataki, 2011 |
The level of expression of the EMP1 mRNA......
The level of expression of the EMP1 mRNA was significantly lower in medication-free patients compared with control subjects (P<0.001).
More...
|
Q-PCR |
|
Top |
|
NTRK2 |
gene |
1
|
Bernard, 2010 |
The expression of this gene was altered ......
The expression of this gene was altered in the locus coeruleus of MDD
More...
|
laser-capture microdissection (LCM); microarray; Q-PCR |
|
Top |
|
SST |
gene |
1
|
Sibille, 2011 |
MDD subjects demonstrated reduced SST mR......
MDD subjects demonstrated reduced SST mRNA expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
More...
|
Q-PCR |
|
Top |
|
Pro-opiomelanocortin |
protein |
9
|
Kennedy, 2006 |
Comparisons between patients with MDD an......
Comparisons between patients with MDD and controls showed significantly lower neutral-state mu-opioid receptor BP in patients with MDD in the posterior thalamus, correlating with corticotropin and cortisol plasma levels.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Appelhof, 2006 |
Posttreatment maximal adrenocorticotropi......
Posttreatment maximal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and maximal cortisol levels, as well as delta ACTH and delta cortisol levels, were significantly higher (all p < .05) among patients who relapsed (n = 22) compared with patients in whom no relapse occurred (n = 23).
More...
|
blood analysis |
Cizza, 2010 |
In cross-correlation analyses, the relat......
In cross-correlation analyses, the relationship between corticotropin and cortisol concentrations was stronger in women with MDD than in control subjects
More...
|
blood analysis |
Duval, 2006 |
Compared with controls, patients showed ......
Compared with controls, patients showed lower adrenocorticotropin and cortisol response to apomorphine (p<0.015 and <0.004, respectively)
More...
|
dose administration; blood analysis |
Ising, 2007 |
We found increased ACTH and cortisol res......
We found increased ACTH and cortisol responses to the first DEX/CRH test compared with healthy control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Ronsaville, 2006 |
offspring with early histories of mood p......
offspring with early histories of mood problems, and those who developed major depressive disorder as young adults, did not exhibit basal hypercortisolism but did show an attenuated ACTH response to CRH.
More...
|
dose administration; blood analysis |
Ahrens, 2008 |
This group(remitted patients from recurr......
This group(remitted patients from recurrent major depression) also displayed a blunted cortisol and ACTH response to the stressor, as compared with healthy controls.
More...
|
blood analysis; salivary analysis |
Posener, 2004 |
the depressed men had significantly incr......
the depressed men had significantly increased cortisol ApEn (approximate entropy) and significantly decreased ACTH ApEn compared with the healthy subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Heim, 2000 |
Women with a history of childhood abuse ......
Women with a history of childhood abuse and a current major depression diagnosis exhibited a more than 6-fold greater ACTH response to stress than age-matched controls (net peak of 9.0 pmol/L [41.0 pg/mL]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.7-13.3 pmol/L [21.6-60. 4 pg/mL]; vs net peak of 1.4 pmol/L [6.19 pg/mL]; 95% CI, 0.2-2.5 pmol/L [1.0-11.4 pg/mL]; difference, 8.6 pmol/L [38.9 pg/mL]; 95% CI, 4.6-12.6 pmol/L [20.8-57.1 pg/mL]; P<.001).
More...
|
clinical test |
|
Top |
|
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter |
protein |
8
|
Staley, 2006 |
Diencephalon 5-HT transporter availabili......
Diencephalon 5-HT transporter availability is decreased in depressed patients.
More...
|
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
Selvaraj, 2011 |
The depressed patients had lowered 5-HTT......
The depressed patients had lowered 5-HTT binding in several brain regions including brain stem, thalamus, caudate, putamen, anterior cingulate cortex and frontal cortex.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Ballard, 2002 |
Major depression was associated with a s......
Major depression was associated with a significant preservation of 5HT transporter re-uptake sites in the parietal neocortex compared with non-affected cases (BA 7a area 1 t = 3.3, P = 0.004; BA 7a area 3 t = 3.8, P = 0.001).
More...
|
clinical test |
Meyer, 2004 |
In the MDE(major depressive episodes) su......
In the MDE(major depressive episodes) subjects, increased 5-HTT BP was strongly associated with more negativistic dysfunctional attitudes in brain regions primarily sampling serotonergic nerve terminals (prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, thalamus, caudate, and putamen; r = 0.64-0.74 [P values, .003 to <.001]).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET); psychometric method |
Newberg, 2005 |
(123)I-ADAM binding to SERT(serotonin tr......
(123)I-ADAM binding to SERT(serotonin transporter) in the midbrain was significantly lower (P = 0.01) in MDD patients (1.81 +/- 0.07) than in controls (1.95 +/- 0.13).
More...
|
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
Miller, 2008 |
Non-remitters had lower 5-HTT binding th......
Non-remitters had lower 5-HTT binding than controls in midbrain, amygdala, and anterior cingulate.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Cannon, 2007 |
Relative to the healthy group both MDD a......
Relative to the healthy group both MDD and BD groups showed significantly increased 5-HTT BP in the thalamus (24%, 14%, respectively), insula (15%) and striatum (12%). The unipolar-depressives had elevated 5-HTT BP relative to both BD (bipolar-depressives) and HC (healthy-controls) groups in the vicinity of the periaqueductal gray (PAG, 20%, 22%, respectively).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Parsey, 2006 |
Post hoc analysis revealed lower binding......
Post hoc analysis revealed lower binding potential(serotonin transporter binding potential) in subjects with major depressive disorder, relative to the comparison subjects
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Top |
|
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A |
protein |
7
|
Meltzer, 2004 |
We used [11C]WAY 100635 and positron emi......
We used [11C]WAY 100635 and positron emission tomography (PET) to test our hypothesis that 5-HT(1A) receptor binding, We observed significantly diminished [11C]WAY 100635 binding in the DRN (dorsal raphe nucleus) in depressed (BP = 2.31+/-0.90) relative to control (BP = 3.69+/-1.56) subjects (p = 0.0016).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Drevets, 1999 |
The mean 5HT1A receptor BP was reduced 4......
The mean 5HT1A receptor BP was reduced 41.5% in the raphe (p < .02) and 26.8% in the mesiotemporal cortex (p < .025) in the depressives relative to the controls.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Parsey, 2010 |
5-HT(1A) binding potential (BP(F)) was h......
5-HT(1A) binding potential (BP(F)) was higher in the NRM (not recently medicated MDD subjects) compared with control subjects (p = .0001).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Hasler, 2007 |
Comorbid MDD was associated with a signi......
Comorbid MDD was associated with a significantly more pronounced reduction in 5-HT(1A) receptor binding in TLE ( temporal lobe epilepsy) patients
More...
|
electroencephalogram (EEG); positron emission tomography (PET) |
Parsey, 2006 |
Post hoc testing reveals higher BP (5-HT......
Post hoc testing reveals higher BP (5-HT(1A) binding potential) in AN (antidepressant naive) compared to controls (p = .008) and to AE (antidepressant exposure, p = .007).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET); genotyping |
Hirvonen, 2008 |
Compared with healthy controls, the BP o......
Compared with healthy controls, the BP of [carbonyl-11C]WAY-100635 was reduced in patients with MDD in most brain regions, ranging from -9% to -25%. This study demonstrated a widespread reduction in the availability of serotonin 5-HT1A receptors in a relatively large sample of drug-naive primary-care patients with MDD, suggesting the involvement of this receptor subtype in the pathophysiology of the illness.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Miller, 2009 |
Remitted depressed subjects had higher 5......
Remitted depressed subjects had higher 5-HT(1A) BP(F) compared with healthy controls. Elevated 5-HT(1A) BP(F) level among subjects with remitted MDD appears to be a trait abnormality in MDD, which may underlie recurrent MDEs.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-6 |
protein |
6
|
Kim, 2008 |
Non-suicidal MDD patients had significan......
Non-suicidal MDD patients had significantly higher IL-6 production than suicidal MDD patients and normal controls (p<0.001).
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
Motivala, 2005 |
As compared with matched controls, depre......
As compared with matched controls, depressed patients showed significant (p <.05) nocturnal elevations of circulating levels of IL-6 and sICAM.
More...
|
electroencephalogram (EEG); blood analysis |
Alesci, 2005 |
MDD patients had significant mean IL-6 e......
MDD patients had significant mean IL-6 elevations from 1000-1200 h and at 1500 h (P ranging from <0.05 to <0.01) vs. controls.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Su, 2009 |
An association was observed between seve......
An association was observed between severity of current depressive symptoms and increased levels of inflammatory markers (p < .001 for IL-6 and p = .005 for CRP).
More...
|
protein analysis |
Kim, 2007 |
At admission, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1......
At admission, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 production, and IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio were significantly higher in MDD patients. After treatment, IL-6 and TGF-beta1 production were significantly lower than before treatment.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
Leo, 2006 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had higher baseline levels of IL6
More...
|
protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter |
protein |
5
|
Yang, 2008 |
DAT binding in the patient group were si......
DAT binding in the patient group were significantly higher than in control group.
More...
|
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
Meyer, 2001 |
Low striatal dopamine transporter bindin......
Low striatal dopamine transporter binding potential (DAT BP) in major depressive episodes is consistent with a downregulation of DAT (dopamine transporter) .
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET); neuropsychological test |
Brunswick, 2003 |
The specific uptake values of [(99m)Tc]T......
The specific uptake values of [(99m)Tc]TRODAT-1 (a selective dopamine transporter imaging agent) binding were significantly higher in the right anterior putamen (23%), right posterior putamen (36%), left posterior putamen (18%), and left caudate nucleus (12%) of the patients than in the comparison subjects.
More...
|
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
Lehto, 2008 |
Major depression groups had lower midbra......
Major depression groups had lower midbrain [123I] nor-beta-CIT(a selective dopamine transporter imaging agent) binding compared with the controls.
More...
|
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
Klimek, 2002 |
The binding of [(125)I]RTI 55 to DA (dop......
The binding of [(125)I]RTI 55 to DA (dopamine) transporter was significantly lower in the basal and central amygdaloid nuclei in major depression compared with control subjects.
More...
|
postmortem study; immunocytochemical analysis; autoradiographic method |
|
Top |
|
D(2) dopamine receptor |
protein |
5
|
D'Haenen H, 1994 |
The basal ganglia/cerebellum 123I-iodobe......
The basal ganglia/cerebellum 123I-iodobenzamide (a high-affinity ligand for D2 receptors) uptake ratio was higher in depressed patients than controls.
More...
|
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); psychometric method |
Montgomery, 2007 |
[(11)C]raclopride binding was reduced in......
[(11)C]raclopride binding was reduced in the dorsal striatum of people taking antidepressants suggesting that D(2/3) expression was reduced compared to untreated controls.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Saijo, 2010 |
Electroconvulsive therapy decreased D(2)......
Electroconvulsive therapy decreased D(2) receptor binding in the rostral AC in MDD patients responding to ECT.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Shah, 1997 |
Right striatal 123I-IBZM (dopamine D2/3 ......
Right striatal 123I-IBZM (dopamine D2/3 ligand) uptake ratios were significantly higher in depressed patients than controls.
More...
|
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); psychometric method |
Klimek, 2002 |
The binding of [(125)I]epidepride to D2 ......
The binding of [(125)I]epidepride to D2 receptors was significantly higher in the basal, central, and lateral amygdaloid nuclei in major depression compared with control subjects.
More...
|
postmortem study; immunocytochemical analysis; autoradiographic method |
|
Top |
|
Interferon gamma |
protein |
4
|
Kim, 2007 |
At admission IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4 w......
At admission IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4 were significantly lower in MDD patients.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
Gabbay, 2009 |
IFN-gamma was increased in both suicidal......
IFN-gamma was increased in both suicidal and nonsuicidal adolescents with MDD compared to controls (2.14 +/- 6.22 and 4.20 +/- 14.48 versus 0.37 +/- 0.64; p < 0.02, p = 0.005).
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
Gabbay, 2009 |
Adolescents with MDD had significantly e......
Adolescents with MDD had significantly elevated plasma IFN-gamma levels (3.38+/-11.8 pg/ml versus 0.37+/-0.64 pg/ml; p<0.003), and IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio (16.6+/-56.5 versus 1.76+/-2.28; p=0.007).
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
Kim, 2008 |
Both MDD groups, with or without attempt......
Both MDD groups, with or without attempted suicide, had significantly lower IFN-gamma and IL-4 and higher TGF-beta1 production.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
|
Top |
|
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
protein |
4
|
Shi, 2010 |
Baseline plasma BDNF and tPA levels were......
Baseline plasma BDNF and tPA levels were significantly lower in LGD(late-onset geriatric depression) patients compared to controls (P = 0.037 and P = 0.000, respectively). There was a heightening tendency of plasma BDNF level after treatment.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Lee, 2007 |
Plasma BDNF levels were significantly lo......
Plasma BDNF levels were significantly lower in MDD patients than in normal control subjects (p<0.001).
More...
|
protein analysis; cognitive test |
Grassi-Oliveira, 2008 |
Major depressive disorder patients showe......
Major depressive disorder patients showed lower plasma BDNF concentrations than healthy control subjects (p < .001).
More...
|
cognitive test; blood analysis |
Dell'Osso, 2010 |
BDNF plasma levels were significantly lo......
BDNF plasma levels were significantly lower in the patients with the severest illness compared with the others
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Tumor necrosis factor |
protein |
3
|
Leo, 2006 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had higher baseline levels of TNFalpha
More...
|
protein analysis |
Piletz, 2010 |
Compared to controls, patients with MDD ......
Compared to controls, patients with MDD had significantly higher baseline levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha, P=0.04) in the blood.
More...
|
protein analysis |
Kim, 2007 |
At admission, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1......
At admission, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 production, and IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio were significantly higher in MDD patients.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-4 |
protein |
3
|
Kim, 2008 |
Both MDD groups, with or without attempt......
Both MDD groups, with or without attempted suicide, had significantly lower IFN-gamma and IL-4 and higher TGF-beta1 production.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
Kim, 2007 |
At admission, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1......
At admission, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 production, and IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio were significantly higher and IL-4 were significantly lower in MDD patients.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
Hernandez, 2008 |
Before treatment we found high levels of......
Before treatment we found high levels of cortisol, IL-4, IL-13 (Th2) and IL-10 in MDD patients when compared with healthy volunteers.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A |
protein |
3
|
Zhang, 2010 |
quantity of MAOA messenger RNA was signi......
quantity of MAOA messenger RNA was significantly higher in patients with MDD than in control subjects (fold change = 5.28, p = 1.7 ¡Á 10-7)
More...
|
genotyping; Q-PCR |
Meyer, 2006 |
The MAO-A DVS (specific distribution vol......
The MAO-A DVS (specific distribution volume) was highly significantly elevated in every brain region assessed (t test; P=.001 to 3x10(-7)). The MAO-A DVS was elevated on average by 34% (2 SDs) throughout the brain during major depression.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Meyer, 2009 |
Monoamine oxidase A V(T), an index of MA......
Monoamine oxidase A V(T), an index of MAO-A density, was significantly elevated in each brain region both during MDE (major depressive episodes) and after SSRI treatment as compared with healthy controls.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Top |
|
Transforming growth factor beta-1 |
protein |
3
|
Kim, 2008 |
Both MDD groups, with or without attempt......
Both MDD groups, with or without attempted suicide, had significantly lower IFN-gamma and IL-4 and higher TGF-beta1 production.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
Musil, 2011 |
Depressed patients showed significantly ......
Depressed patients showed significantly elevated MIF (p < 0.001) and reduced TGF-beta (p = 0.006) concentrations at baseline.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Kim, 2007 |
At admission, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1......
At admission, IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 production, and IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio were significantly higher in MDD patients. After treatment, IL-6 and TGF-beta1 production were significantly lower than before treatment.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
|
Top |
|
Thyrotropin subunit beta |
protein |
3
|
Duval, 2006 |
Compared with controls, patients showed ......
Compared with controls, patients showed lower responses to TRH: 2300 h maximum increment in serum thyrotropin (TSH) level (p=0.006) and the difference between 2300 and 0800 h maximum increment in serum TSH values (p=0.0001).
More...
|
dose administration; blood analysis |
Sarandol, 2003 |
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) respon......
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) responses to TRH(Thyroid Releasing Hormone test), maximal TSH responses, change in maximal TSH level were significantly lower in the patient group compared with the controls.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Brouwer, 2005 |
The serum concentration of TSH was sligh......
The serum concentration of TSH was slightly higher in depressed patients as compared with controls (P < 0.001)
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Amyloid beta A4 protein |
protein |
3
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
Kita, 2009 |
Abeta40/42 ratio was significantly highe......
Abeta40/42 ratio was significantly higher in both young (P < 0.001) and elderly (P < 0.001) patients with MDD compared to controls.
More...
|
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) |
Gudmundsson, 2007 |
Compared to women without depression, wo......
Compared to women without depression, women with MDD had higher levels of Abeta42 and the CSF/serum albumin ratio.
More...
|
cerebrospinal fluid analysis; blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
D(3) dopamine receptor |
protein |
3
|
Shah, 1997 |
Right striatal 123I-IBZM (dopamine D2/3 ......
Right striatal 123I-IBZM (dopamine D2/3 ligand) uptake ratios were significantly higher in depressed patients than controls.
More...
|
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); psychometric method |
Montgomery, 2007 |
[(11)C]raclopride binding was reduced in......
[(11)C]raclopride binding was reduced in the dorsal striatum of people taking antidepressants suggesting that D(2/3) expression was reduced compared to untreated controls.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Klimek, 2002 |
The binding of [(125)I]epidepride to D3 ......
The binding of [(125)I]epidepride to D3 receptors was significantly higher in the basal, central, and lateral amygdaloid nuclei in major depression compared with control subjects.
More...
|
postmortem study; immunocytochemical analysis; autoradiographic method |
|
Top |
|
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A |
protein |
3
|
Yatham, 1999 |
Depressed patients showed a significant ......
Depressed patients showed a significant decrease in 5-HT2 receptor binding as measured by setoperone binding in frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortical regions following desipramine treatment.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Sheline, 2004 |
Depressed subjects had less hippocampal ......
Depressed subjects had less hippocampal 5-HT(2A) receptor binding than controls (p = 0.05).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Mintun, 2004 |
5-HT(2A) receptor binding in the hippoca......
5-HT(2A) receptor binding in the hippocampus was reduced by 29% in depressed subjects (p =.004).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-7 |
protein |
2
|
Lehto, 2010 |
The MDD subjects had lowered serum level......
The MDD subjects had lowered serum levels of IL-7
More...
|
blood analysis; protein analysis |
Lehto, 2010 |
The MDD subjects had lowered levels of I......
The MDD subjects had lowered levels of IL-7.
More...
|
blood analysis; protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 |
protein |
2
|
Motivala, 2005 |
As compared with matched controls, depre......
As compared with matched controls, depressed patients showed significant (p <.05) nocturnal elevations of circulating levels of IL-6 and sICAM.
More...
|
electroencephalogram (EEG); blood analysis |
Miguel-Hidalgo, 2011 |
Vascular and extravascular fractions of ......
Vascular and extravascular fractions of ICAM-1 immunoreactivity were lower in subjects with MDD than in non-psychiatric comparison subjects.
More...
|
postmortem study |
|
Top |
|
D(1A) dopamine receptor |
protein |
2
|
Cannon, 2009 |
The mean D(1) receptor BP(ND) was reduce......
The mean D(1) receptor BP(ND) was reduced (14%) in the left middle caudate of the MDD group relative to control group.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Dougherty, 2006 |
[(11)C]SCH 23,390 binding in bilateral s......
[(11)C]SCH 23,390 binding in bilateral striata was significantly lower in the MDD+A group when compared to healthy volunteers. These results implicate striatal D1 receptor dysfunction in MDD+A and further suggest an association between dopaminergic transmission and anger or aggression.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Top |
|
Apolipoprotein E |
protein |
2
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Cystatin-C |
protein |
2
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Leptin |
protein |
2
|
Westling, 2004 |
women in the MDD group had lower CSF(cer......
women in the MDD group had lower CSF(cerebrospinal fluid) leptin than those in the non-MDD group (P < 0.01).
More...
|
cerebrospinal fluid analysis |
Cizza, 2010 |
mean nocturnal leptin concentration was ......
mean nocturnal leptin concentration was higher in the MDD versus control groups
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-1 beta |
protein |
2
|
Leo, 2006 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had higher baseline levels of IL1-¦Â
More...
|
protein analysis |
Piletz, 2010 |
Compared to controls, patients with MDD ......
Compared to controls, patients with MDD had significantly higher baseline levels of interleukin-1beta (IL1beta, P=0.03) in the blood.
More...
|
protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
C-reactive protein |
protein |
2
|
Surtees, 2008 |
Past-year MDD was associated with increa......
Past-year MDD was associated with increased CRP concentration levels (4.31 mg/L for participants who reported episodes of MDD in the past year versus 3.65 mg/L for those who did not; p = .003)
More...
|
protein analysis |
Su, 2009 |
An association was observed between seve......
An association was observed between severity of current depressive symptoms and increased levels of inflammatory markers (p < .001 for IL-6 and p = .005 for CRP).
More...
|
protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
Prolactin |
protein |
2
|
Koenigsberg, 2004 |
The depressed patients had phase advance......
The depressed patients had phase advanced circadian rhythms for cortisol, norepinephrine and MHPG, phase advanced hemicircadian rhythms for cortisol and prolactin, and a phase advanced ultradian rhythm for prolactin compared to healthy control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Kiive, 2004 |
prolactin levels increased only in the d......
prolactin levels increased only in the depressed patients group during the exercise
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Prothrombin |
protein |
2
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
Leo, 2006 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had higher baseline levels of F1+2
More...
|
protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-10 |
protein |
1
|
Hernandez, 2008 |
Before treatment we found high levels of......
Before treatment we found high levels of cortisol, IL-4, IL-13 (Th2) and IL-10 in MDD patients when compared with healthy volunteers.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-5 |
protein |
1
|
Elomaa AP, 2012 |
In our basic multivariate model controll......
In our basic multivariate model controlling for the effects of potential confounders on the associations between MDD and the examined cytokines, each 1-unit increase in the serum IL-5 level increased the likelihood of belonging to the MDD group by 76% (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.03-2.99, p = 0.04; model covariates: age, gender, marital status, daily smoking and alcohol use).
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Alpha-synuclein |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Apolipoprotein A-I |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Putative cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske-like protein 1 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
P-selectin |
protein |
1
|
Leo, 2006 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had higher baseline levels of soluble P-selectin
More...
|
protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-17A |
protein |
1
|
Chen, 2010 |
A higher level of serum concentration of......
A higher level of serum concentration of IL-17 was found in patient.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis; flow cytometric analysis; RT-PCR; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) |
|
Top |
|
Histidine-rich glycoprotein |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 3 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-13 |
protein |
1
|
Hernandez, 2008 |
Before treatment we found high levels of......
Before treatment we found high levels of cortisol, IL-4, IL-13 (Th2) and IL-10 in MDD patients when compared with healthy volunteers.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Pigment epithelium-derived factor |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 13 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Gamma-synuclein |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B |
protein |
1
|
Murrough, 2011 |
Within the ventral striatum/ventral pall......
Within the ventral striatum/ventral pallidum region of interest, 5-HT(1B) receptor radioligand [(11)C]P943 BP (ND) was significantly reduced in the MDD group compared with the healthy control group (1.37 +/- 0.13 and 1.68 +/- 0.16, respectively; 18.7% between-group difference; p < 0.001).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Top |
|
Apolipoprotein A-II |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
ATP synthase subunit e, mitochondrial |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Transcription factor PU.1 |
protein |
1
|
Weigelt, 2011 |
In MDD patients, PU.1 gene expression wa......
In MDD patients, PU.1 gene expression was increased with a tendency for TREM-1 gene over expression.
More...
|
Q-PCR; Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) |
|
Top |
|
Homeobox protein Hox-D12 |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP2 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A |
protein |
1
|
Feyissa, 2009 |
The results revealed that there was a re......
The results revealed that there was a reduced expression of the NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptor subunits NR2A (-54%) and NR2B (-48%), and PSD-95 protein level (-40%) in the PFC of depressed subjects relative to controls
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Acylphosphatase-2 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Histone H4 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Adiponectin |
protein |
1
|
Cizza, 2010 |
Women with MDD had approximately 30% low......
Women with MDD had approximately 30% lower mean 24-hour concentration of adiponectin than did control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Apolipoprotein D |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
ATP synthase subunit g, mitochondrial |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 |
protein |
1
|
Deschwanden, 2011 |
The PET study revealed lower levels of r......
The PET study revealed lower levels of regional mGluR5 binding in the prefrontal cortex, the cingulate cortex, the insula, the thalamus, and the hippocampus in the depression group relative to the comparison group.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET); immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Neurofilament heavy polypeptide |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Neuromodulin |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter |
protein |
1
|
Zucker, 2002 |
A significant elevation in the VMAT2 den......
A significant elevation in the VMAT2 density (B(max)) was observed in the platelets of untreated MDD patients (+24%) compared to healthy control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B |
protein |
1
|
Feyissa, 2009 |
The results revealed that there was a re......
The results revealed that there was a reduced expression of the NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptor subunits NR2A (-54%) and NR2B (-48%), and PSD-95 protein level (-40%) in the PFC of depressed subjects relative to controls
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
DNA-binding protein SATB2 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Somatotropin |
protein |
1
|
Duval, 2006 |
Compared with controls, patients showed ......
Compared with controls, patients showed lower growth hormone response to clonidine (p=0.001)
More...
|
dose administration; blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Oxytocin-neurophysin 1 |
protein |
1
|
Parker, 2010 |
Results indicated that depressed subject......
Results indicated that depressed subjects exhibit increased OT (oxytocin) levels compared to healthy control subjects, and this difference is most apparent during the nocturnal peak.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Beta-2-microglobulin |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Interleukin-2 |
protein |
1
|
Kim, 2007 |
At admission IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4 w......
At admission IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4 were significantly lower in MDD patients.
More...
|
immunocytochemical analysis |
|
Top |
|
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor |
protein |
1
|
Xiaoquan, 2011 |
The plasma GDNF levels in late-onset dep......
The plasma GDNF levels in late-onset depression(LOD) patients were significantly increased compared to control subjects (P<0.05).
More...
|
neuropsychological test; psychometric method; blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Neuronal cell adhesion molecule |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor |
protein |
1
|
Ordway, 2003 |
The specific binding of p-[125I]iodoclon......
The specific binding of p-[125I]iodoclonidine to alpha2-adrenoceptors was significantly elevated throughout the LC (locus coeruleus) from MD (major depression) compared with matched control subjects.
More...
|
postmortem study |
|
Top |
|
Disks large homolog 4 |
protein |
1
|
Feyissa, 2009 |
The results revealed that there was a re......
The results revealed that there was a reduced expression of the NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptor subunits NR2A (-54%) and NR2B (-48%), and PSD-95 protein level (-40%) in the PFC of depressed subjects relative to controls
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Hemopexin |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Single-stranded DNA-binding protein, mitochondrial |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Mu-type opioid receptor |
protein |
1
|
Kennedy, 2006 |
The sustained sadness condition was asso......
The sustained sadness condition was associated with a statistically significant decrease in mu-opioid receptor BP in the left inferior temporal cortex of patients with MDD.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Top |
|
Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 |
protein |
1
|
Miguel-Hidalgo, 2010 |
EAAT1 levels were lower in MDA(comorbid ......
EAAT1 levels were lower in MDA(comorbid alcoholism plus MDD) and MDD subjects as compared to controls.
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting; immunocytochemical analysis |
|
Top |
|
CD44 antigen |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Fatty acid-binding protein, brain |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor |
protein |
1
|
Musil, 2011 |
Depressed patients showed significantly ......
Depressed patients showed significantly elevated MIF (p < 0.001) and reduced TGF-beta (p = 0.006) concentrations at baseline.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Peroxisomal targeting signal 1 receptor |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Corticoliberin |
protein |
1
|
Austin, 2003 |
The level of CRH-IR was increased by 30%......
The level of CRH-IR was increased by 30% in the locus coeruleus, 39% in the median raphe and 45% in the caudal dorsal raphe in the depressed suicide subjects compared to controls.
More...
|
postmortem study |
|
Top |
|
C-C motif chemokine 2 |
protein |
1
|
Piletz, 2010 |
Compared to controls, patients with MDD ......
Compared to controls, patients with MDD had significantly higher baseline levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1; P=0.02) in the blood.
More...
|
protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 |
protein |
1
|
Miguel-Hidalgo, 2010 |
EAAT2 immunoreactivity was significantly......
EAAT2 immunoreactivity was significantly lower in MDD and MDA(comorbid alcoholism plus MDD) subjects than in controls.
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting; immunocytochemical analysis |
|
Top |
|
Clusterin |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator 6 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Beta-2-glycoprotein 1 |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Plasma protease C1 inhibitor |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 |
protein |
1
|
Feyissa, 2010 |
There was a robust (+67%) increase in th......
There was a robust (+67%) increase in the expression of the mGlu2 protein in the PFC of depressed subjects relative to healthy controls.
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Cytochrome c |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Glial fibrillary acidic protein |
protein |
1
|
Miguel-Hidalgo, 2010 |
Area fraction of GFAP was lower in MDD, ......
Area fraction of GFAP was lower in MDD, but not in MDA subjects as compared to controls or alcoholics.
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting; immunocytochemical analysis |
|
Top |
|
Collagen alpha-1(VI) chain |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Vitamin D-binding protein |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Profilin-1 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 |
protein |
1
|
Feyissa, 2010 |
There was a robust (+67%) increase in th......
There was a robust (+67%) increase in the expression of the mGlu3 protein in the PFC of depressed subjects relative to healthy controls.
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Coagulation factor VII |
protein |
1
|
Leo, 2006 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had higher baseline levels of FVIIa
More...
|
protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
Glutamine synthetase |
protein |
1
|
Miguel-Hidalgo, 2010 |
GS levels in MDA(comorbid alcoholism plu......
GS levels in MDA(comorbid alcoholism plus MDD) were significantly lower than in alcoholics and controls, and lower in MDD subjects than in alcoholics
More...
|
postmortem study; immunoblotting; immunocytochemical analysis |
|
Top |
|
Complement C3 |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Ribonuclease UK114 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Serum albumin |
protein |
1
|
Gudmundsson, 2007 |
Compared to women without depression, wo......
Compared to women without depression, women with MDD had higher levels of Abeta42 and the CSF/serum albumin ratio.
More...
|
cerebrospinal fluid analysis; blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Transthyretin |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Secretogranin-1 |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Profilin-2 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial |
protein |
1
|
Chrapko, 2004 |
The levels of both plasma Nox(NO metabol......
The levels of both plasma Nox(NO metabolite) and platelet eNOS(endothelial NO synthase) activity were significantly lower in subjects with major depression compared with healthy control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Neurofilament light polypeptide |
protein |
1
|
Gudmundsson, 2010 |
Women had MDD have higher levels of NFL ......
Women had MDD have higher levels of NFL compared with women without depression
More...
|
cerebrospinal fluid analysis; blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
CD40 ligand |
protein |
1
|
Leo, 2006 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had higher baseline levels of soluble CD40L
More...
|
protein analysis |
|
Top |
|
Tissue-type plasminogen activator |
protein |
1
|
Shi, 2010 |
Baseline plasma BDNF and tPA levels were......
Baseline plasma BDNF and tPA levels were significantly lower in LGD(late-onset geriatric depression) patients compared to controls (P = 0.037 and P = 0.000, respectively).
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Epididymal secretory protein E1 |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Synaptosomal-associated protein 25 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Myeloperoxidase |
protein |
1
|
Vaccarino, 2008 |
Twins with a history of MDD had 32% high......
Twins with a history of MDD had 32% higher levels of MPO (p < .0001); twins with MDD had 77% higher MPO than their brothers without MDD, after adjusting for other factors (p < .0001)
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Putative tubulin-like protein alpha-4B |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Histamine H1 receptor |
protein |
1
|
Kano, 2004 |
Binding (histamine H1 receptor (H(1)R) b......
Binding (histamine H1 receptor (H(1)R) binding) potential values for [(11)C]-doxepin binding in the frontal and prefrontal cortices, and cingulate gyrus were significantly lower in the depressed patients than those in the normal control subjects.
More...
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positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Top |
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Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha |
protein |
1
|
Eller, 2009 |
The results showed that the level of sIL......
The results showed that the level of sIL-2R (soluble interleukin-2 receptor) was significantly lower in depressed patients in remission phase compared to the healthy controls and subjects with recurrent depression. Drug-nalve patients with major depressive disorder with recurrent episode had higher levels of sIL-2R than previously treated or patients with the first episode.
More...
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blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Alpha-2-macroglobulin |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Natriuretic peptides A |
protein |
1
|
Wisen, 2011 |
The MDD group showed significantly lower......
The MDD group showed significantly lower levels of ANP than the controls at rest, at maximal work rate and post exercise. The dynamic changes of ANP, respectively, from baseline to maximal work rate were significantly lower in the MDD group.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Gelsolin |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Amphiphysin |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Alpha-1B-glycoprotein |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Vitronectin |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Cystatin-B |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor |
protein |
1
|
Hung, 2010 |
The serum TrkB protein level was signifi......
The serum TrkB protein level was significantly higher in depressive patients than in healthy controls (F((1,107))=4.043, p=0.047)
More...
|
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) |
|
Top |
|
Angiotensinogen |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Natriuretic peptides B |
protein |
1
|
Wisen, 2011 |
The MDD group showed significantly lower......
The MDD group showed significantly lower levels of BNP at rest and at maximal work rate. The dynamic changes of BNP, respectively, from baseline to maximal work rate were significantly lower in the MDD group.
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Beta-Ala-His dipeptidase |
protein |
1
|
Ditzen C, 2012 |
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid......
Regulated Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed Patients
More...
|
two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE); spectrophotometric analysis; immunoblotting |
|
Top |
|
Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2 |
protein |
1
|
Martins-de-Souza D, 2012 |
Differentially expressed proteins in all......
Differentially expressed proteins in all post mortem brains from MDD patients compared with controls
More...
|
gel electrophoresis; shotgun data-independent label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Western blot ; selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry |
|
Top |
|
Hydrocortisone |
molecule |
27
|
Hernandez, 2008 |
Before treatment we found high levels of......
Before treatment we found high levels of cortisol, IL-4, IL-13 (Th2) and IL-10 in MDD patients when compared with healthy volunteers.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Sarandol, 2003 |
All cortisol responses were found to be ......
All cortisol responses were found to be significantly higher in the patient group during depression period compared to the control group except at 16:00 before dexamethasone.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Rao, 2008 |
Compared with controls, depressed adoles......
Compared with controls, depressed adolescents had significantly elevated NUFC (nocturnal urinary free cortisol) excretion.
More...
|
electroencephalogram (EEG); urinary analysis |
Brouwer, 2005 |
In atypical depression, serum cortisol w......
In atypical depression, serum cortisol was lower than in non-atypical depression (P = 0.01).
More...
|
blood analysis |
Rao, 2004 |
Compared to the depressed state, NUFC (n......
Compared to the depressed state, NUFC (nocturnal urinary free cortisol ) was significantly lower during remission.
More...
|
electroencephalogram (EEG); urinary analysis |
Appelhof, 2006 |
Posttreatment maximal adrenocorticotropi......
Posttreatment maximal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and maximal cortisol levels, as well as delta ACTH and delta cortisol levels, were significantly higher (all p < .05) among patients who relapsed (n = 22) compared with patients in whom no relapse occurred (n = 23).
More...
|
blood analysis |
Antonijevic, 2003 |
Nocturnal cortisol secretion was increas......
Nocturnal cortisol secretion was increased in postmenopausal patients with depression, while a decrease was noted in postmenopausal controls.
More...
|
electroencephalogram (EEG); blood analysis |
Lopes, 2012 |
MDD patients with or without previous tr......
MDD patients with or without previous trauma had similarly lower salivary cortisol.
More...
|
salivary analysis |
Aihara, 2007 |
75% of unmedicated MDD patients exhibite......
75% of unmedicated MDD patients exhibited a heightened cortisol response to the combined dexamethasone (DEX)/corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test.
More...
|
dose administration; positron emission tomography (PET) |
Ahrens, 2008 |
Morning saliva cortisol concentrations w......
Morning saliva cortisol concentrations were lower in remitted patients, paralleled by lower serum cortisol concentrations before stress testing.
More...
|
blood analysis; salivary analysis |
Posener, 2004 |
the depressed men had significantly incr......
the depressed men had significantly increased cortisol ApEn (approximate entropy) and significantly decreased ACTH ApEn compared with the healthy subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Croes, 1993 |
cortisol decreased after both controllab......
cortisol decreased after both controllable and uncontrollable stress in the acutely depressed group
More...
|
cognitive test |
Forbes, 2006 |
Adolescents with depression had marginal......
Adolescents with depression had marginally higher peri-sleep-onset cortisol than control adolescents and significantly higher peri-sleep-onset cortisol than children with depression.
More...
|
blood analysis |
O'Brien, 2004 |
Depressed subjects had hypercortisolemia......
Depressed subjects had hypercortisolemia (53% increase in area under the curve) and a reduction in right hippocampal volume (6% decrease).
More...
|
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
Ising, 2007 |
We found increased ACTH and cortisol res......
We found increased ACTH and cortisol responses to the first DEX/CRH test compared with healthy control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Kennedy, 2006 |
Comparisons between patients with MDD an......
Comparisons between patients with MDD and controls showed significantly lower neutral-state mu-opioid receptor BP in patients with MDD in the posterior thalamus, correlating with corticotropin and cortisol plasma levels.
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Scharnholz, 2010 |
During the acute episode depressed patie......
During the acute episode depressed patients showed increased levels of night-time cortisol excretion compared to healthy controls.
More...
|
urinary analysis |
Weizman, 1988 |
A blunted response followed by a decreas......
A blunted response followed by a decrease (33%) in serum cortisol levels was observed in depressed patients 5 h after drug (serotonin agonistic agent fenfluramine) administration while an increase of 94% was obtained in controls after 3 h.
More...
|
blood analysis; dose administration |
Klatzkin, 2010 |
only in women with histories of MDD did ......
only in women with histories of MDD did PMDD women have lower cortisol concentrations than non-PMDD women
More...
|
neuropsychological test |
Gotthardt, 1995 |
Basal hypercortisolemia and, at baseline......
Basal hypercortisolemia and, at baseline, heart rates were higher in depressed patients.
More...
|
cognitive test |
Jabben, 2011 |
Unipolar depressive disorder (UP) patien......
Unipolar depressive disorder (UP) patients showed a higher increase over time in the cortisol awakening response (CAR).
More...
|
salivary analysis |
Duval, 2006 |
Compared with controls, patients showed ......
Compared with controls, patients showed lower adrenocorticotropin and cortisol response to apomorphine (p<0.015 and <0.004, respectively)
More...
|
dose administration; blood analysis |
Bhagwagar, 2003 |
The increase in salivary cortisol levels......
The increase in salivary cortisol levels that followed waking was significantly higher in the patients.
More...
|
salivary analysis |
Rao, 2008 |
Compared with control subjects, depresse......
Compared with control subjects, depressed subjects showed more elevated and prolonged cortisol secretion in response to Trier Social Stress Test (TSST).
More...
|
salivary analysis |
Rao, 2009 |
Compared with normal controls, adolescen......
Compared with normal controls, adolescents at high risk for depression had shorter latency to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, increased phasic REM sleep, more REM sleep and elevated nocturnal urinary-free cortisol (NUFC) excretion at baseline.
More...
|
electroencephalogram (EEG); urinary analysis |
Koenigsberg, 2004 |
The depressed patients had phase advance......
The depressed patients had phase advanced circadian rhythms for cortisol, norepinephrine and MHPG, phase advanced hemicircadian rhythms for cortisol and prolactin, and a phase advanced ultradian rhythm for prolactin compared to healthy control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Cizza, 2010 |
In cross-correlation analyses, the relat......
In cross-correlation analyses, the relationship between corticotropin and cortisol concentrations was stronger in women with MDD than in control subjects
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Glutamates |
molecule |
12
|
Rosenberg, 2005 |
Reduced anterior cingulate glutamate was......
Reduced anterior cingulate glutamate was observed in MDD patients versus control subjects (8.79 +/- 1.68 vs. 11.46 +/- 1.55, respectively, p = .0002; 23% decrease).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Sanacora, 2004 |
mean glutamate levels were significantly......
mean glutamate levels were significantly increased in depressed subjects compared with healthy controls (P<.001).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Bhagwagar, 2007 |
Occipital levels of GABA and NAA were si......
Occipital levels of GABA and NAA were significantly lower in recovered depressed and bipolar subjects than in healthy controls, whereas Glu +Gln concentrations were higher.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Horn, 2010 |
the sum of Glutamate in the pgACC predi......
the sum of Glutamate in the pgACC predicted the resting-state functional connectivity between the two regions exclusively in depressed patients.
More...
|
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); spectrophotometric analysis; psychometric method |
Block, 2009 |
In the cross-sectional comparison, we ob......
In the cross-sectional comparison, we observed a significant reduction of the metabolic ratios Glx/Cr (Glx=glutamine, glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid) and glutamine (Gln)/Cr in the patient group.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Mirza, 2004 |
Anterior cingulate glutamatergic (Glx) c......
Anterior cingulate glutamatergic (Glx) concentrations were significantly lower (19% decrease) in MDD patients versus controls (9.27 +/- 0.43 versus 11.47 +/- 0.26, respectively, p = 0.000).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Auer, 2000 |
decrease of Glu in patients with major d......
decrease of Glu in patients with major depressive episodes
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Jarnum, 2011 |
significantly reduced glutamate levels i......
significantly reduced glutamate levels in MDD patients compared with healthy controls at baseline.
More...
|
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
Hashimoto, 2007 |
Increased levels of glutamate were obser......
Increased levels of glutamate were observed in the frontal cortex from patients with bipolar disorder and major depression.
More...
|
postmortem study |
Hasler, 2007 |
Depressed patients had reduced Glx (glut......
Depressed patients had reduced Glx (glutamate/glutamine) levels in both ROIs(region of interest).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Pfleiderer, 2003 |
We observed significantly reduced Glx (g......
We observed significantly reduced Glx (glutamate/glutamine) levels in the patients' left cingulum compared to healthy controls.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Portella, 2011 |
Levels of Glu were significantly decreas......
Levels of Glu were significantly decreased in remitted-recurrent and chronic patients compared with both first-episode and controls (up to 28% mean reduction; p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 2.88) and were negatively correlated with illness duration (r = -0.56; p < 0.001).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
|
Top |
|
Creatine |
molecule |
8
|
Kusumakar, 2001 |
Subjects with depression demonstrated lo......
Subjects with depression demonstrated lower left amygdala Cho-Cr ratios, compared with control subjects (paired t = 2.624, df 10, P = 0.025).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Horn, 2010 |
Creatine in the pgACC were lowest in sev......
Creatine in the pgACC were lowest in severely depressed patients.
More...
|
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); spectrophotometric analysis; psychometric method |
Kumar, 2002 |
myo-Inositol/creatine and choline/creati......
myo-Inositol/creatine and choline/creatine ratios were significantly higher in the frontal white matter in the major depression group than in the comparison group.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Vythilingam, 2003 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had a significantly lower mean NAA/Cr amplitude in the caudate and a significantly higher mean Cho/Cr amplitude in the putamen, particularly on the right side.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Chen, 2009 |
Patients with late-life major depressive......
Patients with late-life major depressive disorder had a significantly lower NAA/creatine ratio in the left frontal white matter, and higher Cho/creatine and myo-inositol/creatine ratios in the left basal ganglia when compared with the control subjects.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Nery, 2009 |
Male MDD patients presented lower levels......
Male MDD patients presented lower levels of PCr+Cr (phosphocreatine plus creatine) than male healthy controls (HC), female MDD patients presented higher levels of PCr+Cr than female HC.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Coupland, 2005 |
Patients with MDD showed significantly l......
Patients with MDD showed significantly lower myo-inositol/creatine ratios (.94+/-.23) than control subjects (1.32+/-.37) [F(1,23)=6.9; p=.016].
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Gabbay, 2007 |
Relative to comparison subjects, adolesc......
Relative to comparison subjects, adolescents with major depressive disorder had significantly elevated concentrations of choline (2.11 mM versus 1.56 mM) and creatine (6.65 mM versus 5.26 mM) in the left caudate.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
|
Top |
|
Inositol |
molecule |
7
|
Taylor, 2009 |
myo-inositol concentrations were signifi......
myo-inositol concentrations were significantly higher in those with a history of depression than in controls.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Kumar, 2002 |
myo-Inositol/creatine and choline/creati......
myo-Inositol/creatine and choline/creatine ratios were significantly higher in the frontal white matter in the major depression group than in the comparison group.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Zheng, 2010 |
In depressive patients a significant red......
In depressive patients a significant reduction in myo-inositol (m-Ino) was observed pre-rTMS (p<0.001).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Chen, 2009 |
Patients with late-life major depressive......
Patients with late-life major depressive disorder had a significantly higher myo-inositol/creatine ratios in the left basal ganglia when compared with the control subjects.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Caetano, 2005 |
Depressed subjects had significantly low......
Depressed subjects had significantly lower levels of glycerophosphocholine plus phosphocholine (GPC + PC; or choline-containing compounds) and higher myo-inositol levels in the left DLPFC compared to healthy controls. I
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Jarnum, 2011 |
significantly reduced myo-inositol level......
significantly reduced myo-inositol levels in MDD patients compared with healthy controls at baseline.
More...
|
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
Coupland, 2005 |
Patients with MDD showed significantly l......
Patients with MDD showed significantly lower myo-inositol/creatine ratios (.94+/-.23) than control subjects (1.32+/-.37) [F(1,23)=6.9; p=.016].
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
|
Top |
|
Glutamine |
molecule |
7
|
Bhagwagar, 2007 |
Occipital levels of GABA and NAA were si......
Occipital levels of GABA and NAA were significantly lower in recovered depressed and bipolar subjects than in healthy controls, whereas Glu +Gln concentrations were higher.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Horn, 2010 |
the sum of Glutamine (Glx) in the pgACC ......
the sum of Glutamine (Glx) in the pgACC predicted the resting-state functional connectivity between the two regions exclusively in depressed patients.
More...
|
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); spectrophotometric analysis; psychometric method |
Block, 2009 |
In the cross-sectional comparison, we ob......
In the cross-sectional comparison, we observed a significant reduction of the metabolic ratios Glx/Cr (Glx=glutamine, glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid) and glutamine (Gln)/Cr in the patient group. The Gln/Glx ratio also showed a trend towards significant reduction.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Mirza, 2004 |
Anterior cingulate glutamatergic (Glx) c......
Anterior cingulate glutamatergic (Glx) concentrations were significantly lower (19% decrease) in MDD patients versus controls (9.27 +/- 0.43 versus 11.47 +/- 0.26, respectively, p = 0.000).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Walter, 2009 |
Patients with highly anhedonic MDD show ......
Patients with highly anhedonic MDD show decreased glutamine concentrations.
More...
|
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); spectrophotometric analysis |
Pfleiderer, 2003 |
We observed significantly reduced Glx (g......
We observed significantly reduced Glx (glutamate/glutamine) levels in the patients' left cingulum compared to healthy controls.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Hasler, 2007 |
Depressed patients had reduced Glx (glut......
Depressed patients had reduced Glx (glutamate/glutamine) levels in both ROIs(region of interest).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
|
Top |
|
N-acetylaspartate |
molecule |
7
|
Vythilingam, 2003 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had a significantly lower mean NAA/Cr amplitude in the caudate and a significantly higher mean Cho/Cr amplitude in the putamen, particularly on the right side.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Jarnum, 2011 |
significantly reduced N-acetylaspartate ......
significantly reduced N-acetylaspartate levels in MDD patients compared with healthy controls at baseline.
More...
|
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
Chen, 2009 |
Patients with late-life major depressive......
Patients with late-life major depressive disorder had a significantly lower NAA/creatine ratio in the left frontal white matter when compared with the control subjects.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Olvera, 2010 |
MDD subjects showed significantly lower ......
MDD subjects showed significantly lower levels of NAA in the right MPFC and right AC than controls.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
MacMaster, 2008 |
N-acetyl-aspartate was lower in the left......
N-acetyl-aspartate was lower in the left MTC (27%) in MDD patients versus controls.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Portella, 2011 |
Total-NAA levels were significantly lowe......
Total-NAA levels were significantly lowered in remitted-recurrent and chronic patients, which were associated with an earlier age at onset (r = 0.50; p = 0.001).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Reynolds, 2011 |
In the amygdala there are significant NA......
In the amygdala there are significant NAA deficits in schizophrenia and depression group.
More...
|
postmortem study |
|
Top |
|
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid |
molecule |
7
|
Sanacora, 2004 |
Depressed subjects had significantly low......
Depressed subjects had significantly lower occipital cortex GABA concentrations compared with healthy controls (P =.01).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Gabbay, 2012 |
Compared with control subjects, adolesce......
Compared with control subjects, adolescents with MDD had significantly decreased ACC GABA/w (t = 3.2; P < .003).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Bhagwagar, 2008 |
Levels of GABA in both occipital and ant......
Levels of GABA in both occipital and anterior cingulate cortex were significantly lower in recovered depressed subjects than healthy controls.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Block, 2009 |
In the cross-sectional comparison, we ob......
In the cross-sectional comparison, we observed a significant reduction of the metabolic ratios Glx/Cr (Glx=glutamine, glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid) and glutamine (Gln)/Cr in the patient group.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Price, 2009 |
Levels of OCC(occipital cortex) GABA rel......
Levels of OCC(occipital cortex) GABA relative to voxel tissue water (W) were decreased in TRD(treatment-resistant depression) patients compared with both HV(healthy volunteers) (20.2% mean reduction; p = .001; Cohen's d = 1.3) and nTRD(nontreatment-resistant MDD) subjects (16.4% mean reduction; p = .007; Cohen's d = 1.4).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Bhagwagar, 2007 |
Occipital levels of GABA and NAA were si......
Occipital levels of GABA and NAA were significantly lower in recovered depressed and bipolar subjects than in healthy controls, whereas Glu +Gln concentrations were higher.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Bajbouj, 2006 |
Silent period and intracortical inhibiti......
Silent period and intracortical inhibition were reduced in depressed patients, consistent with a reduced GABAergic tone.
More...
|
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) |
|
Top |
|
Choline |
molecule |
6
|
Kumar, 2002 |
myo-Inositol/creatine and choline/creati......
myo-Inositol/creatine and choline/creatine ratios were significantly higher in the frontal white matter in the major depression group than in the comparison group.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Vythilingam, 2003 |
Compared with control subjects, MDD pati......
Compared with control subjects, MDD patients had a significantly lower mean NAA/Cr amplitude in the caudate and a significantly higher mean Cho/Cr amplitude in the putamen, particularly on the right side.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Kusumakar, 2001 |
Subjects with depression demonstrated lo......
Subjects with depression demonstrated lower left amygdala Cho-Cr ratios, compared with control subjects (paired t = 2.624, df 10, P = 0.025).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Chen, 2009 |
Patients with late-life major depressive......
Patients with late-life major depressive disorder had a significantly higher Cho/creatine in the left basal ganglia when compared with the control subjects.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Portella, 2011 |
Cho levels showed an opposite pattern: h......
Cho levels showed an opposite pattern: highest values were detected in chronic patients, correlating positively with duration of illness (r = 0.32; p = 0.03).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Gabbay, 2007 |
Relative to comparison subjects, adolesc......
Relative to comparison subjects, adolescents with major depressive disorder had significantly elevated concentrations of choline (2.11 mM versus 1.56 mM) and creatine (6.65 mM versus 5.26 mM) in the left caudate.
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
|
Top |
|
Nitric oxide |
molecule |
5
|
Lee, 2006 |
Among the patients with a diagnosis of m......
Among the patients with a diagnosis of major depression, suicidal depressive patients had significantly higher plasma nitric oxide metabolites NO(x) levels than non-suicidal depressive patients (t=-3.090, d.f.=84, p=0.003).
More...
|
blood analysis |
Arslan, 2008 |
MD (major depression) group had signific......
MD (major depression) group had significantly lower plasma NO levels compared to healthy women (12.7 +/- 1.4 vs. 21.82 +/- 3.5 microM, respectively, p < 0.05).
More...
|
spectrophotometric analysis |
Chrapko, 2004 |
The levels of both plasma NOx and platel......
The levels of both plasma NOx and platelet eNOS activity were significantly lower in subjects with major depression compared with healthy control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Chrapko, 2004 |
The levels of both plasma Nox(NO metabol......
The levels of both plasma Nox(NO metabolite) and platelet eNOS(endothelial NO synthase) activity were significantly lower in subjects with major depression compared with healthy control subjects.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Ikenouchi-Sugita, 2009 |
The baseline plasma NOx levels were sign......
The baseline plasma NOx levels were significantly lower in the whole depressed group than in the control group (p<0.01).
More...
|
blood analysis |
|
Top |
|
Serotonin |
molecule |
4
|
Ljubicic, 2007 |
The significant increase in platelet 5-H......
The significant increase in platelet 5-HT values were found in female (p=0.01) and male (p=0.029) depressed patients during long compared to short period.
More...
|
blood analysis |
Hou, 2006 |
significantly lower CSF(cerebrospinal fl......
significantly lower CSF(cerebrospinal fluid) NPY was found in first episode depressed patients compared with recurrent depressed patients
More...
|
cerebrospinal fluid analysis |
Rosa-Neto, 2004 |
Compared with age- and sex-matched contr......
Compared with age- and sex-matched controls, normalized K*(an index of serotonin synthesis) was significantly decreased bilaterally in female patients with MD in the anterior cingulate cortex, in the left anterior cingulate cortex in male patients with MD, and in the left mesial temporal cortex in male and female patients with MD (P<.001 for all).
More...
|
positron emission tomography (PET) |
Agren, 1994 |
Decreased uptake of [11C]5-HTP (the dire......
Decreased uptake of [11C]5-HTP (the direct precursors in the synthetic pathways to serotonin) over the blood-brain barrier in depression (which is not altered by dietary tryptophan depletion in healthy volunteers).
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positron emission tomography (PET) |
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Dopamine |
molecule |
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