Cognition and Behavior Report

Name	Memory
Description	In psychology, memory is an organism's ability to store, retain, and recall information and experiences.
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	30 (30/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
impaired memory	Ellwart, 2003	patients and normal controls		Results showed that depressed and controls differed in expli...... Results showed that depressed and controls differed in explicit memory performance, depending on the amount of cognitive distraction between incidental learning and testing. More...
impaired on tasks of memory	Sarosi, 2007	patients and normal controls		Patients with depression relative to controls were significa...... Patients with depression relative to controls were significantly impaired on tasks of memory. More...
impaired memory	Joormann, 2009	patients and normal controls		Compared with control participants, major depressive disorde...... Compared with control participants, major depressive disorder participants recalled fewer words that had been previously presented but were more likely to falsely recall negative lures. More...
recalled depression words	Bradley, 1995	patients and normal controls		The depressed group recalled more depression words than the ...... The depressed group recalled more depression words than the other two groups (clinically anxious and normal control). More...
memory	Ortiz, 2003	patients and normal controls		Depressed patients had more errors and had an increase in re...... Depressed patients had more errors and had an increase in reaction time that was superior to the control subjects during the memory test of 5 letters presented. More...
cognitive dysfunction in memory scanning	Den Hartog, 2003	patients and normal controls		The depressive group had cognitive deficits in the automatic...... The depressive group had cognitive deficits in the automatic processing subtask of the Stroop, memory scanning and memory span. More...
cognitive dysfunction in memory span	Den Hartog, 2003	patients and normal controls		The depressive group had cognitive deficits in the automatic...... The depressive group had cognitive deficits in the automatic processing subtask of the Stroop, memory scanning and memory span. More...
impairment on recall	Baldwin, 2004	patients and normal controls		After adjustment for depressed mood and medication at evalua...... After adjustment for depressed mood and medication at evaluation, both patient groups had significantly more impairment compared to control subjects on verbal learning tasks involving immediate or delayed recall. More...
deficits in memory	Pine, 2004	patients and normal controls		Controlling for age and gender, offspring with a history of ...... Controlling for age and gender, offspring with a history of MDD (n = 19) demonstrated significant deficits in memory selectively for fearful faces, but not happy or angry faces. More...
memory deficits	O'Brien, 2004	patients and normal controls		Hippocampal volume reduction was significantly correlated wi...... Hippocampal volume reduction was significantly correlated with continuing memory deficits at 6 months. More...
worse recall	Joormann, 2005	patients and normal controls		Compared with the nondepressed participants and with the dep...... Compared with the nondepressed participants and with the depressed participants who were instructed to forget positive words, depressed participants who were instructed to forget negative words showed significantly worse recall of the baseline words. More...
poorer memory	Roberson-Nay, 2006	patients and normal controls		Compared to healthy adolescents, MDD patients exhibited poor...... Compared to healthy adolescents, MDD patients exhibited poorer memory for faces. More...
memory impairments	Mowla, 2008	patients and normal controls		Patients with MDD with and without memory complaints had low...... Patients with MDD with and without memory complaints had lower scores on the Wechsler Memory Scale-III than the control group. More...
impaired memory	Michopoulos, 2008	patients and normal controls		MDD patients showed neuropsychological deficits on tasks of ...... MDD patients showed neuropsychological deficits on tasks of executive function and memory, supporting the model of frontal-temporal dysfunction More...
memory	Reppermund, 2009	patients and normal controls		In acute depression, we found impairments of information pro...... In acute depression, we found impairments of information processing/attention, memory, and executive functions. Cognitive impairments remained in a high proportion of patients, even after remission of psychopathological symptoms. More...
forgetting of negative words	Joormann, 2009	patients and normal controls		MDD participants showed successful forgetting of negative wo...... MDD participants showed successful forgetting of negative words and a clear practice effect. More...
memory	Kohler, 2010	patients and normal controls		Compared with healthy controls, participants with depression...... Compared with healthy controls, participants with depression scoring within the third tertile of white matter hyperintensities dropped two and three standard deviations in executive function and memory scores respectively. More...
recall of positive self-referent items	Shestyuk, 2010	patients and normal controls		Healthy comparison subjects and subjects with remitted, but ...... Healthy comparison subjects and subjects with remitted, but not current, major depression demonstrated enhanced recall of positive self-referent items. More...
memory	Terfehr, 2011	patients and normal controls		In both memory tests, patients with MDD performed worse than...... In both memory tests, patients with MDD performed worse than controls. More...
memory	Considine, 2011	patients and normal controls		The MDD subjects performed significantly more poorly than th...... The MDD subjects performed significantly more poorly than the HC (healthy controls) subjects on an auditory learning and memory test More...
memory	Yeh, 2011	patients and normal controls	OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.12, 1.72	We found information-processing speed and memory were indepe...... We found information-processing speed and memory were independent cognitive domains associated with late-life remitted major depressive disorder. Of the study cohort, 52.3% met the definition of MCI, including 28.5% with amnestic MCI (aMCI) and 23.8% with nonamnestic MCI (naMCI). A clinical correlate of aMCI was the late-onset of disorder (OR = 4.76; 95% CI = 1.57, 14.40) and of naMCI was a higher score on the Framingham stroke risk scale (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.12, 1.72). More...

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
memory		rs1545843(rs1545843)	SNP	Schuhmacher A, 2013	patients and normal controls	P-value = 0.04	MDD patients carrying the depression-associated AA genotype ...... MDD patients carrying the depression-associated AA genotype showed enhanced maximum and area under the curve and cortisol answers (p = 0.03) as well as an impaired memory and impaired sustained attention performance (p = 0.04) compared to carriers of at least one G allele. More...
recall		SLC6A4(serotonin transporter gene)	gene	Sarosi, 2008	patients and normal controls		Average performance of the depressed group without the 12-re...... Average performance of the depressed group without the 12-repeat allele was significantly weaker in the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test working memory and recall tasks compared to patients having at least one copy of the 12-repeat allele. More...
impaired memory		SETDB1(SETDB1)	gene	Jiang Y, 2010	animal model		Transgenic mice with increased Setdb1 expression in adult fo...... Transgenic mice with increased Setdb1 expression in adult forebrain neurons show antidepressant-like phenotypes in behavioral paradigms for anhedonia, despair, and learned helplessness. More...
memory		SLC17A7(vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1))	gene	Tordera RM, 2011	animal model		genes invovled in this pathwy were regulated in frontal cort...... genes invovled in this pathwy were regulated in frontal cortex of VGLUT1(+/-) mice More...
memory performance		Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)	protein	Grassi-Oliveira, 2008	patients and normal controls		Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were negatively rel...... Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were negatively related to psychological morbidity and positively correlated to memory performance. Regression models showed that severity of self-reported CPN(childhood physical neglect) and low plasma BDNF predicted impairment on immediate verbal recall More...
memory		Erythropoietin(erythropoietin (Epo))	protein	Miskowiak, 2009	patients only		After the scan, Epo-treated patients showed improved memory ...... After the scan, Epo-treated patients showed improved memory compared with those that were given placebo. More...
memory		Alpha wave(slow-wave)	neurobiological system	Azuma, 2007	patients only		Postictal suppression and slow-wave amplitude correlated pos...... Postictal suppression and slow-wave amplitude correlated positively with delayed memory and visual/verbal discrepancy score. More...
memory		Hippocampus(hippocampus)	brain morphology and function	Kaymak, 2010	patients and normal controls		The performance of the patients only in the recollection mem...... The performance of the patients only in the recollection memory and memory of reward-associated rules were positively correlated with hippocampal volumes. More...
memory		White matter(white matter)	brain morphology and function	Kohler, 2010	patients and normal controls		Group differences in memory and executive function follow-up...... Group differences in memory and executive function follow-up scores were associated with ratings of white matter hyperintensities, especially of the deep white matter and periventricular regions. More...
impaired memory		Stress(stress)	environment	Garcia-Garcia AL, 2009	animal model		CMS induced anhedonia, helplessness, anxiety, and impaired r...... CMS induced anhedonia, helplessness, anxiety, and impaired recognition memory More...
false memories		Child abuse(childhood emotional neglect)	environment	Grassi-Oliveira, 2011	patients and normal controls		The results indicated that women with MDD and childhood emot...... The results indicated that women with MDD and childhood emotional neglect (CEN) were actually less prone to produce false memories relative to both women with MDD but no CEN and healthy women without MDD and any form of childhood maltreatment. More...

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Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

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