MK4MDD

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus Search Cross Data Search

Study Report

Reference

Citation	Yao, 2009 PubMed
Full Info	Yao, Z., Wang, L., Lu, Q., Liu, H. and Teng, G. (2009) Regional homogeneity in depression and its relationship with separate depressive symptom clusters: a resting-state fMRI study. J Affect Disord, 115, 430-438.

Study

Hypothesis or Background	Using a newly reported regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach, we were to explore the features of brain activity of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in resting state, and further to examine the relationship between abnormal brain activity of depressed patients and specific symptom clusters derived from ratings on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD).
Sample Information	22 patients with MDD and 22 gender-, age-, and education-matched healthy subjects
Method Detail	Subjects participated in the fMRI scans.
Method Keywords	functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
Result	1. Compared with healthy controls, decreased ReHo were found in depressed patients in the right orbitofrontal cortex, the right fusiform gyrus, the right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus, the left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus, the right posterior cingulate gyrus, the left lentiform nucleus and the right insula (p<0.005, uncorrected). 2. Anxiety severity was positively correlated with the ReHo in the right insula; Cognitive disturbance severity was positively correlated with the ReHo in the right orbitofrontal cortex and the left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus; Retardation severity was positively correlated with the ReHo in the right posterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula; Sleep disturbance severity was positively correlated with the ReHo in the left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus; Hopelessness severity was positively correlated with the ReHo in the right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula (p<0.05).
Conclusions	Our findings indicated abnormal brain activity was distributed extensively in depressed patients during resting state, and some symptom domains of depression are separately related to specific abnormal patterns of brain activity.
Remark	LIMITATION: The influence of antidepressant medication to the brain activity of depressed patients was not fully excluded.

Relationships reported by Yao, 2009

Component A Approved Name (Name in Paper)	Component A Type	Component B Approved Name (Name in Paper)	Component B Type	Statistical Result	Relationship Description	Result Category (Positive/Negative))
Low energy (retardation)	symptoms	right insula (right insula)	brain morphology and function		Retardation severity was positively correlated with the ReHo (regional homogeneity) in the right posterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula.	Positive
Low energy (retardation)	symptoms	right posterior cingulate gyrus (right posterior cingulate gyrus)	brain morphology and function		Retardation severity was positively correlated with the ReHo (regional homogeneity) in the right posterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula.	Positive
Feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and guilt (hopelessness)	symptoms	right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus (right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus)	brain morphology and function		Hopelessness severity was positively correlated with the ReHo (regional homogeneity) in the right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	right fusiform gyrus (right fusiform gyrus)	brain morphology and function	P-value < 0.005, uncorrected	Compared with healthy controls, decreased ReHo (regional homogeneity) were found in depressed patients in the right fusiform gyrus (p<0.005, uncorrected).	Positive
MDD	syndrome	right insula (right insula)	brain morphology and function	P-value < 0.005, uncorrected	Compared with healthy controls, decreased ReHo (regional homogeneity) were found in depressed patients in the right insula (p<0.005, uncorrected).	Positive
MDD	syndrome	right orbitofrontal cortex (right orbitofrontal cortex)	brain morphology and function	P-value < 0.005, uncorrected	Compared with healthy controls, decreased ReHo (regional homogeneity) were found in depressed patients in the right orbitofrontal cortex (p<0.005, uncorrected).	Positive
MDD	syndrome	right posterior cingulate gyrus (right posterior cingulate gyrus)	brain morphology and function	P-value < 0.005, uncorrected	Compared with healthy controls, decreased ReHo (regional homogeneity) were found in depressed patients in the right posterior cingulate gyrus (p<0.005, uncorrected).	Positive
MDD	syndrome	right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus (right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus)	brain morphology and function	P-value < 0.005, uncorrected	Compared with healthy controls, decreased ReHo (regional homogeneity) were found in depressed patients in the right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus (p<0.005, uncorrected).	Positive
Sleep disturbances (sleep disturbance)	symptoms	left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus (left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus)	brain morphology and function		Sleep disturbance severity was positively correlated with the ReHo (regional homogeneity) in the left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus.	Positive
Increased agitation (anxiety)	symptoms	right insula (right insula)	brain morphology and function		Anxiety severity was positively correlated with the ReHo in the right insula.	Positive
Feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and guilt (hopelessness)	symptoms	right insula (right insula)	brain morphology and function		Hopelessness severity was positively correlated with the ReHo (regional homogeneity) in the right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula.	Positive
Cognitive performance (cognitive disturbance)	cognition and behavior	right orbitofrontal cortex (right orbitofrontal cortex)	brain morphology and function		Cognitive disturbance severity was positively correlated with the ReHo (regional homogeneity) in the right orbitofrontal cortex and the left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus.	Positive
Cognitive performance (cognitive disturbance)	cognition and behavior	left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus (left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus)	brain morphology and function		Cognitive disturbance severity was positively correlated with the ReHo (regional homogeneity) in the right orbitofrontal cortex and the left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	left lentiform nucleus (left lentiform nucleus)	brain morphology and function	P-value < 0.005, uncorrected	Compared with healthy controls, decreased ReHo (regional homogeneity) were found in depressed patients in the left lentiform nucleus (p<0.005, uncorrected).	Positive
MDD	syndrome	left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus (left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus)	brain morphology and function	P-value < 0.005, uncorrected	Compared with healthy controls, decreased ReHo (regional homogeneity) were found in depressed patients in the left dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus (p<0.005, uncorrected).	Positive