MK4MDD

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus Search Cross Data Search

Study Report

Reference

Citation	Cooney, 2010 PubMed
Full Info	Cooney, R.E., Joormann, J., Eugene, F., Dennis, E.L. and Gotlib, I.H. (2010) Neural correlates of rumination in depression. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci, 10, 470-478.

Study

Hypothesis or Background	Rumination, or recursive self-focused thinking, has important implications for understanding the development and maintenance of depressive episodes. Rumination is associated with the worsening of negative mood states, greater affective responding to negative material, and increased access to negative memories. The present study was designed to use fMRI to examine neural aspects of rumination in depressed and healthy control individuals.
Sample Information	14 participants who were diagnosed with major depressive disorder and 14 healthy control participants
Method Detail	We used a rumination induction task to assess differences in patterns of neural activation during ruminative self-focus as compared with a concrete distraction condition and with a novel abstract distraction condition in 14 participants who were diagnosed with major depressive disorder and 14 healthy control participants.
Method Keywords	functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
Result	Depressed participants exhibited increased activation in the orbitofrontal cortex, subgenual anterior cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as compared with healthy controls during rumination versus concrete distraction. Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distraction was greater for depressed than for control participants in the amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus.
Conclusions	These findings indicate that ruminative self-focus is associated with enhanced recruitment of limbic and medial and dorsolateral prefrontal regions in depression.

Relationships reported by Cooney, 2010

Component A Approved Name (Name in Paper)	Component A Type	Component B Approved Name (Name in Paper)	Component B Type	Statistical Result	Relationship Description	Result Category (Positive/Negative))
MDD	syndrome	medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) (medial prefrontal cortex)	brain morphology and function		Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distraction was greater for depressed than for control participants in the amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	Orbitofrontal cortex (orbitofrontal cortex)	brain morphology and function		Depressed participants exhibited increased activation in the orbitofrontal cortex, subgenual anterior cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as compared with healthy controls during rumination versus concrete distraction.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	Parahippocampal gyrus (parahippocampus)	brain morphology and function		Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distraction was greater for depressed than for control participants in the amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	Posterior cingulate cortex (posterior cingulate)	brain morphology and function		Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distraction was greater for depressed than for control participants in the amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	Amygdala (amygdala)	brain morphology and function		Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distraction was greater for depressed than for control participants in the amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex)	brain morphology and function		Depressed participants exhibited increased activation in the orbitofrontal cortex, subgenual anterior cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as compared with healthy controls during rumination versus concrete distraction. Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distraction was greater for depressed than for control participants in the amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	rostral anterior cingulate (rostral anterior cingulate)	brain morphology and function		Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distraction was greater for depressed than for control participants in the amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	subgenual anterior cingulate (subgenual anterior cingulate)	brain morphology and function		Depressed participants exhibited increased activation in the orbitofrontal cortex, subgenual anterior cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as compared with healthy controls during rumination versus concrete distraction.	Positive