Brain Morphology and Function Report

Name	medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC)
Brain Morphology	Please reference to the description for Prefrontal cortex
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	14(14/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
medial prefrontal cortex (PFC)	Holmes, 2008	patients and normal controls		Relative to comparison subjects, patients with MDD displayed...... Relative to comparison subjects, patients with MDD displayed higher current density in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) (Brodmann area 10/32) 80 milliseconds after committing an error. More...
medial prefrontal cortex	Forbes, 2009	patients and normal controls		Adolescents with major depressive disorder exhibited more re...... Adolescents with major depressive disorder exhibited more response in dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortex than healthy comparison adolescents during reward anticipation and reward outcome, More...
medial prefrontal regions	Alexopoulos, 2009	patients only		Depressed elders (N=27) had lower FA (fractional anisotropy)...... Depressed elders (N=27) had lower FA (fractional anisotropy) than controls (N=27) in several frontolimbic areas, including the medial prefrontal regions More...
medial prefrontal cortex	Saxena, 2003	patients only	z=2.91	improvement of major depressive disorder symptoms was signif...... improvement of major depressive disorder symptoms was significantly correlated with higher pretreatment (glucose) metabolism in the medial prefrontal cortex and rostral anterior cingulate gyrus (Talairach coordinates: x=0, y=62, z=10) (z=2.91). More...
medial prefrontal cortex	Monk, 2008	high-risk people and normal controls		Exploratory analysis showed that constraining attention was ...... Exploratory analysis showed that constraining attention was associated with greater medial prefrontal cortex activation in the high-risk than in the low-risk group. More...
medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC)	Yoshimura, 2010	patients and normal controls		Compared with the normal controls, the depressed patients sh...... Compared with the normal controls, the depressed patients showed hyperactivity in the MPFC and the rostral ACC during the self-referential processing of negative words. More...
medial prefrontal cortex	Hamilton, 2010	patients and normal controls		Activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and vACC were mutua...... Activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and vACC were mutually reinforcing in MDD. More...
medial prefrontal cortex	Cooney, 2010	patients and normal controls		Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distractio...... Neural activity during rumination versus abstract distraction was greater for depressed than for control participants in the amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus. More...
medial prefrontal cortex	Farb, 2011	patients and normal controls		Within the remitted group, relapse was predicted by medial p...... Within the remitted group, relapse was predicted by medial prefrontal cortical (mPFC; Brodmann's area 32) activity and contraindicated by visual cortical activity (Brodmann's area 17). More...
medial prefrontal cortex	Zhu, 2012	patients and normal controls		We observed increased functional connectivity in the anterio...... We observed increased functional connectivity in the anterior medial cortex regions (especially the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex) in MDD patients compared with control subjects. More...

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
mesial prefrontal cortex		KCNK2(TREK1)	gene	Dillon, 2010	normal people		the total number of protective TREK1 alleles was associated ...... the total number of protective TREK1 alleles was associated with stronger responses to gains in several other reward-related regions, including the mesial prefrontal cortex. More...
medial prefrontal cortex		NPY(neuropeptide Y (NPY))	gene	Mickey, 2011	patients and normal controls	P-value=0.03	Among healthy individuals, negatively valenced words activat...... Among healthy individuals, negatively valenced words activated the medial prefrontal cortex. Activation within this region was inversely related to genotype-predicted NPY expression (P = .03). More...
medial prefrontal cortex		Serotonin(serotonin)	molecule	Agren, 1994	patients and normal controls		An increased utilization of [11C]5-HTP (the direct precursor...... An increased utilization of [11C]5-HTP (the direct precursors in the synthetic pathways to serotonin), in the lower region of the medial prefrontal cortex, mainly of the left side. More...
medial prefrontal cortex		Glucose(glucose)	molecule	Saxena, 2003	patients only		improvement of major depressive disorder symptoms was signif...... improvement of major depressive disorder symptoms was significantly correlated with higher pretreatment (glucose) metabolism in the medial prefrontal cortex and rostral anterior cingulate gyrus (Talairach coordinates: x=0, y=62, z=10) (z=2.91). More...
medial prefrontal cortex		Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPA)	neurobiological system	Aihara, 2007	patients only		75% of unmedicated MDD patients exhibited a heightened corti...... 75% of unmedicated MDD patients exhibited a heightened cortisol response to the combined dexamethasone (DEX)/corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test, and thus were defined as non-suppressors. Non-suppressors showed a marked hypometabolism in the medial prefrontal cortex as compared with suppressors. After successful pharmacotherapy, enhanced cortisol responsiveness normalized. More...
medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC)		Amygdala(amygdala)	brain morphology and function	Yoshimura, 2010	patients and normal controls		Functional connectivity analysis revealed positive connectiv...... Functional connectivity analysis revealed positive connectivities between the MPFC, the rostral ACC, and the amygdala. More...
medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC)		Anterior cingulate cortex(anterior cingulate cortices (ACC))	brain morphology and function	Yoshimura, 2010	patients and normal controls		Functional connectivity analysis revealed positive connectiv...... Functional connectivity analysis revealed positive connectivities between the MPFC, the rostral ACC, and the amygdala. More...
medial prefrontal cortex		ventral anterior cingulate(ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC))	brain morphology and function	Hamilton, 2010	patients and normal controls		Activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and vACC were mutua...... Activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and vACC were mutually reinforcing in MDD More...
medial prefrontal cortex		Visual cortex(visual cortex)	brain morphology and function	Farb, 2011	patients and normal controls		Compared with control participants, remitted depressed patie...... Compared with control participants, remitted depressed patients demonstrated a more pronounced tradeoff between mPFC and visual cortex reactivity. More...
medial prefrontal cortex		Attention(constraining attention)	cognition and behavior	Monk, 2008	high-risk people and normal controls		Exploratory analysis showed that constraining attention was ...... Exploratory analysis showed that constraining attention was associated with greater medial prefrontal cortex activation in the high-risk than in the low-risk group. More...
medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC)		Depressed mood(depressive symptom)	symptoms	Yoshimura, 2010	patients and normal controls		Compared with the normal controls, the depressed patients sh...... Compared with the normal controls, the depressed patients showed hyperactivity in the MPFC and the rostral ACC during the self-referential processing of negative words. In addition, the activity of these regions during self-referential processing of the negative stimuli was correlated with the depressive symptom severity. More...

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Note:
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Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

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