BioCarta Pathway Report
Basic Information
| ID |
CYTOKINE_PATHWAY
|
| Name |
cytokine pathway
|
| Brief Description |
Cytokine Network
|
| Full Description |
Several different cell types coordinate their efforts as part of the immune system, including B cells, T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils. Each of these cell types has a distinct role in the immune system, and communicates with other immune cells using secreted factors called cytokines, including interleukins, TNF, and the interferons. Macrophages phagocytose foreign bodies and are antigen-presenting cells, using cytokines to stimulate specific antigen dependent responses by B and T cells and non-specific responses by other cell types. T cells secrete a variety of factors to coordinate and stimulate immune responses to specific antigen, such as the role of helper T cells in B cell activation in response to antigen. The proliferation and activation of eosinophils, neutrophils and basophils respond to cytokines as well. Cytokine communication is often local, within a tissue or between cells in close proximity. Each of the cytokines is secreted by one set of cells and provokes a response in another target set of cells, often including the cell that secretes the cytokine. Some cytokines, like IL-1, interferons and TNF, stimulate a broad inflammatory response in response to infection or injury. Other cytokines have more specific functions such the following examples. IL-2 stimulates the proliferation and activation of B and T cells. IL-4 plays a role in the differentiation of Th2 cells, in allergic responses, and in the switching of antibody types. IL-5 stimulates the production and maturation of eosinophils during inflammation. IL-8 is a chemokine, a chemotactic factor that attracts neutrophils, basophils and T cells to sites of inflammation. IL-12 and IL-18 are involved in helper T cell differentiation. IL-10 apparently acts to repress secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The complex interplay of these different cytokine functions with immune cells is essential for correct immune function. |
CYTOKINE_PATHWAY related genes in MK4MDD (count: 18)
| Approved Symbol |
Approved Name |
Type |
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative) |
| IL8 |
interleukin 8 |
Literature-origin
|
1(1/0) |
| IL13 |
interleukin 13 |
Literature-origin; Protein mapped
|
1(1/0) |
| IL18 |
interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor) |
Literature-origin; Protein mapped
|
1(1/0) |
| IL4 |
interleukin 4 |
Protein mapped
|
0(0/0) |
| IL12B |
interleukin 12B (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 2, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 2, p40) |
Protein mapped
|
0(0/0) |
| IL12A |
interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35) |
Literature-origin; Protein mapped
|
1(1/0) |
| IL9 |
interleukin 9 |
Literature-origin
|
1(1/0) |
| LTA |
lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1) |
Literature-origin; SNP mapped
|
2(1/1) |
| IFNG |
interferon, gamma |
Literature-origin; Protein mapped
|
1(1/0) |
| IL1A |
interleukin 1, alpha |
Literature-origin
|
2(2/0) |
| IL15 |
interleukin 15 |
Literature-origin
|
2(2/0) |
| TNF |
tumor necrosis factor |
Literature-origin; SNP mapped; Protein mapped
|
5(5/0) |
| IL5 |
interleukin 5 (colony-stimulating factor, eosinophil) |
Literature-origin; Protein mapped
|
1(1/0) |
| IL3 |
interleukin 3 (colony-stimulating factor, multiple) |
Literature-origin
|
1(1/0) |
| IL2 |
interleukin 2 |
Literature-origin; Protein mapped
|
1(1/0) |
| IL6 |
interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) |
Literature-origin; Protein mapped
|
1(0/1) |
| IL17A |
interleukin 17A |
Protein mapped
|
0(0/0) |
| IL10 |
interleukin 10 |
Literature-origin; Protein mapped
|
4(2/2) |
