Pathway Report

Name	Long-term depression
KEGG Link	ID: hsa04730 Name: long term_depression Brief Description: Long-term depression Full Description: Cerebellar long-term depression (LTD), thought to be a molecular and cellular basis for cerebellar learning, is a process involving a decrease in the synaptic strength between parallel fiber (PF) and Purkinje cells (PCs) induced by the conjunctive activation of PFs and climbing fiber (CF). Multiple signal transduction pathways have been shown to be involved in this process. Activation of PFs terminating on spines in dendritic branchlets leads to glutamate release and activation of both AMPA and mGluRs. Activation of CFs, which make multiple synaptic contacts on proximal dendrites, also via AMPA receptors, opens voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and causes a generalized influx of calcium. These cellular signals, generated from two different synaptic origins, trigger a cascade of events culminating in a phosphorylation-dependent, long-term reduction in AMPA receptor sensitivity at the PF-PC synapse. This may take place either through receptor internalization and/or through receptor desensitization.
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	1 (1/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
Long-term depression	Kao CF, 2012	patients and normal controls		We found 17 significantly enriched pathways for depression We found 17 significantly enriched pathways for depression

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Note:
1. The different color of the nodes denotes the level of the nodes.

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

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Approved Symbol	Approved Name	Type	No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)
ITPR1	inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 1	Literature-origin; SNP mapped	1(1/0)
GRIA2	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2	Literature-origin	1(1/0)
GNAO1	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide O	Protein mapped	0(0/0)
GNAI3	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3	SNP mapped	0(0/0)
GRM1	glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1	Literature-origin; SNP mapped	2(2/0)
PRKCG	protein kinase C, gamma	SNP mapped	0(0/0)
CRH	corticotropin releasing hormone	Protein mapped	0(0/0)
GRIA1	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 1	Literature-origin; Protein mapped	1(1/0)
NOS1	nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal)	Literature-origin	1(0/1)
PRKCB	protein kinase C, beta	Protein mapped	0(0/0)
GRIA3	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 3	Literature-origin; Protein mapped	1(1/0)
NRAS	neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog	Protein mapped	0(0/0)
GNAS	GNAS complex locus	Literature-origin	1(0/1)
GRID2	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, delta 2	Literature-origin	1(1/0)
GRM5	glutamate receptor, metabotropic 5	Protein mapped	0(0/0)
MAPK1	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Literature-origin	2(2/0)
KRAS	v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Protein mapped	0(0/0)
HRAS	v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Protein mapped	0(0/0)
CRHR1	corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1	Literature-origin; SNP mapped; Protein mapped	6(6/0)