Cognition and Behavior Report

Name	Language
Description	Language may refer either to the specifically human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, or to a specific instance of such a system of complex communication.
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	7 (7/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
verbal fluency	Landro, 2001	patients and normal controls		Bonferroni corrected univariate analyses of variance showed ...... Bonferroni corrected univariate analyses of variance showed that patients performed significantly below controls in the following areas: selective attention, working memory, verbal long-term memory, and verbal fluency. More...
poorer performance on tests involving language	Baldwin, 2004	patients and normal controls		Patients who did not respond to antidepressant monotherapy h...... Patients who did not respond to antidepressant monotherapy had significantly poorer performance than controls on tests involving visuospatial ability, language, word recognition and tests of executive function, whereas there were no differences between control subjects and responders. More...
poorer performance on tests involving word recognition	Baldwin, 2004	patients and normal controls		Patients who did not respond to antidepressant monotherapy h...... Patients who did not respond to antidepressant monotherapy had significantly poorer performance than controls on tests involving visuospatial ability, language, word recognition and tests of executive function, whereas there were no differences between control subjects and responders. More...
semantic information processing (sustained elaboration following emotional stimuli)	Siegle, 2010	patients and normal controls		Depressed individuals appear to engage in sustained elaborat...... Depressed individuals appear to engage in sustained elaboration following emotional stimuli. More...
falsely recognised significantly more depression-relevant words	Howe, 2011	patients and normal controls		Results showed that participants with major depressive disor...... Results showed that participants with major depressive disorder falsely recognised significantly more depression-relevant words than non-depressed controls. More...

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
verbal fluency		D(2) dopamine receptor(dopamine D2 receptor)	protein	Shah, 1997	patients and normal controls		There were significant correlations between 123I-IBZM (dopam...... There were significant correlations between 123I-IBZM (dopamine D2/3 ligand) binding in left and right striatum and measures of verbal fluency. More...
verbal fluency		D(3) dopamine receptor(dopamine D3 receptor)	protein	Shah, 1997	patients and normal controls		There were significant correlations between 123I-IBZM (dopam...... There were significant correlations between 123I-IBZM (dopamine D2/3 ligand) binding in left and right striatum and measures of verbal fluency. More...
verbal discrepancy		Alpha wave(slow-wave)	neurobiological system	Azuma, 2007	patients only		Postictal suppression and slow-wave amplitude correlated pos...... Postictal suppression and slow-wave amplitude correlated positively with delayed memory and visual/verbal discrepancy score. More...
semantic information processing		Gamma wave(gamma-band EEG)	neurobiological system	Siegle, 2010	patients and normal controls		These data suggest that gamma-band EEG, measured over severa...... These data suggest that gamma-band EEG, measured over several seconds, may serve as a useful index of sustained semantic information processing. More...
verbal fluency		Striatum(striatum)	brain morphology and function	Shah, 1997	patients and normal controls		There were significant correlations between 123I-IBZM (dopam...... There were significant correlations between 123I-IBZM (dopamine D2/3 ligand) binding in left and right striatum and measures of verbal fluency. More...
semantic organization		right anterior cingulate cortex(right anterior cingulate cortex)	brain morphology and function	Ottowitz, 2010	patients and normal controls		Further analysis showed that patients with major depressive ...... Further analysis showed that patients with major depressive disorder had greater activation of the right anterior cingulate cortex during semantic organization. More...

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Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

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