Brain Morphology and Function Report

Name	pregenual anterior cingulate cortex
Brain Morphology	Please reference to the description for Anterior cingulate cortex
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	7(7/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)	Walter, 2009	patients and normal controls		Glutamate and N-acetylaspartate concentrations in pgACC corr...... Glutamate and N-acetylaspartate concentrations in pgACC correlate with negative BOLD responses induced by emotional stimulation in MDD More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)	Horn, 2010	patients and normal controls		Functional connectivity between pgACC and left anterior insu...... Functional connectivity between pgACC and left anterior insular cortex was significantly altered in the subgroup of severely depressed patients compared to healthy subjects and mildly depressed patients. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex	Mannie, 2008	high-risk people and normal controls		Controls showed significant activation in the pregenual ante...... Controls showed significant activation in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex to both positive and negative words during the emotional Stroop task. This activation was absent in FH+ participants. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex	Grimm, 2009	patients and normal controls		MDD patients showed significantly reduced NBRs (negative blo...... MDD patients showed significantly reduced NBRs (negative blood oxygenation level-dependent responses) in several regions of the default-mode network such as the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the posterior cingulate cortex. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)	Salvadore, 2010	patients only	r=0.82, P-value = 0.0002, false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05	Patients who showed the least engagement of the pgACC in res...... Patients who showed the least engagement of the pgACC in response to increased working memory load showed the greatest symptomatic improvement within 4 h of ketamine administration (r=0.82, p=0.0002, false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05). More...

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)		dorsomedial thalamus(dorsomedial thalamus (DMTHAL))	brain morphology and function	Anand, 2009	patients and normal controls		Bipolar disorder (BD) patients had significantly decreased p...... Bipolar disorder (BD) patients had significantly decreased pgACC connectivity to the left and right DMTHAL, similar to findings seen in MDD. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)		Left amygdala(left amygdala)	brain morphology and function	Salvadore, 2010	patients only	r=-0.73, P-value = 0.0021, FDR <0.05	Pretreatment functional connectivity between the pgACC and t...... Pretreatment functional connectivity between the pgACC and the left amygdala was negatively correlated with antidepressant symptom change (r=-0.73, p=0.0021, FDR <0.05).These data implicate the pgACC and its putative interaction with the amygdala in predicting antidepressant response to ketamine in a working memory task context. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)		Insular cortex(left anterior insular cortex)	brain morphology and function	Horn, 2010	patients and normal controls		Functional connectivity between pgACC and left anterior insu...... Functional connectivity between pgACC and left anterior insular cortex was significantly altered in the subgroup of severely depressed patients compared to healthy subjects and mildly depressed patients. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)		Working memory(working memory)	cognition and behavior	Salvadore, 2010	patients only	r=0.82, P-value = 0.0002, false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05	Patients who showed the least engagement of the pgACC in res...... Patients who showed the least engagement of the pgACC in response to increased working memory load showed the greatest symptomatic improvement within 4 h of ketamine administration (r=0.82, p=0.0002, false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05). More...
pregenual anterior cingulate		Depressed mood(depressed mood)	symptoms	Liotti, 2002	patients and normal controls		In the remitted group, mood provocation produced a unique ce...... In the remitted group, mood provocation produced a unique cerebral blood flow (rCBF) decrease in pregenual anterior cingulate 24a. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex		Depressed mood(depression)	symptoms	Grimm, 2009	patients and normal controls		MDD patients showed significantly reduced NBRs (negative blo...... MDD patients showed significantly reduced NBRs (negative blood oxygenation level-dependent responses) in several regions of the default-mode network such as the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the posterior cingulate cortex. Decreased NBRs in MDD patients correlated with depression severity and feelings of hopelessness. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex		Feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and guilt(hopelessness)	symptoms	Grimm, 2009	patients and normal controls		MDD patients showed significantly reduced NBRs (negative blo...... MDD patients showed significantly reduced NBRs (negative blood oxygenation level-dependent responses) in several regions of the default-mode network such as the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the posterior cingulate cortex. Decreased NBRs in MDD patients correlated with depression severity and feelings of hopelessness. More...
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)		Anhedonia(anhedonia)	symptoms	Walter, 2009	patients and normal controls		glutamine levels and lower functional responses in pgACC in ...... glutamine levels and lower functional responses in pgACC in anhedonic depressed patients More...

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Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

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