Gene Report

Basic Information

Approved Symbol	SMOX
Approved Name	spermine oxidase
Previous Symbol	C20orf16
Previous Name	chromosome 20 open reading frame 16
Symbol Alias	FLJ20746, dJ779E11.1, PAO, PAOh1, MGC1010, SMO
Location	20p13
Position	chr20:4129426-4168394 (+)
External Links	Entrez Gene: 54498 Ensembl: ENSG00000088826 UCSC: uc002wkm.1 HGNC ID: 15862
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	1(1/0)
Type	Literature-origin

Positive relationships between SMOX and MDD (count: 1)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
SMOX	Klempan, 2009	patients and normal controls		Selected differentially expressed genes in BA44 to BA47 (ANO...... Selected differentially expressed genes in BA44 to BA47 (ANOVA and t-test P < 0.01, fold change 1.3t) More...

Positive relationships between SMOX and other components at different levels (count: 0)

Positive relationship network of SMOX in MK4MDD

Network loading ...

Note:
1. The different color of the nodes denotes the level of the nodes.

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

2. Besides the component related relationships from literature, gene mapped protein and protein mapped gene are also shown in the network. If the mapped gene or protein is not from literature, square node would be used instead of Circle node. Accordingly, the relationship is marked with dot line.
2. User can drag the nodes to rearrange the layout of the network. Click the node will enter the report page of the node. Right-click will show also the menus to link to the report page of the node and remove the node and related edges. Hover the node will show the level of the node and hover the edge will show the evidence/description of the edge.
3. The network is generated using Cytoscape Web

Negative relationships between SMOX and MDD (count: 0)

Negative relationships between SMOX and other components at different levels (count: 0)

SMOX related SNPs in MK4MDD (count: 0)

SMOX related proteins in MK4MDD (count: 1)

Approved Name	UniportKB	No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	Source
Spermine oxidase	Q9NWM0	0(0/0)	Gene mapped

SMOX related GO terms (count: 14)

ID	Name	Type	Evidence
Gene mapped GO terms
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	cellular component	IDA
GO:0052895	N1-acetylspermine:oxygen oxidoreductase (N1-acetylspermidine-forming) activity	molecular function	IEA
GO:0005634	nucleus	cellular component	IDA[18422650]; IEA
GO:0006598	polyamine catabolic process	biological process	IDA[12477380]
GO:0052901	spermine:oxygen oxidoreductase (spermidine-forming) activity	molecular function	IEA
GO:0006596	polyamine biosynthetic process	biological process	TAS
GO:0005829	cytosol	cellular component	TAS
GO:0006805	xenobiotic metabolic process	biological process	TAS
GO:0046208	spermine catabolic process	biological process	IDA[18422650]; IEA
GO:0052894	norspermine:oxygen oxidoreductase activity	molecular function	IEA
GO:0046592	polyamine oxidase activity	molecular function	IDA[12477380]
GO:0034641	cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process	biological process	TAS
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process	biological process	TAS
GO:0006595	polyamine metabolic process	biological process	TAS

SMOX related KEGG pathways (count: 0)

SMOX related BioCarta pathways (count: 0)

SMOX related Reactome pathways (count: 4)

ID	Name	Description
Gene mapped Reactome pathways
REACT_13	metabolism of_amino_acids	This group of reactions is responsible for: 1) the breakdown...... This group of reactions is responsible for: 1) the breakdown of amino acids; 2) the synthesis of urea from ammonia and amino groups generated by amino acid breakdown; 3) the synthesis of the ten amino acids that are not essential components of the human diet; and 4) the synthesis of related nitrogen-containing molecules including carnitine and creatine. More...
REACT_13705	phase 1_functionalization_of_compounds	Phase 1 of metabolism is concerned with functionalization, t...... Phase 1 of metabolism is concerned with functionalization, that is the introduction or exposure of functional groups on the chemical structure of a compound. This provides a 'handle' for phase 2 conjugating species with which to react with. Many xenobiotics are lipophilic and almost chemically inert (e.g. PAHs) so would not necessarily undergo a phase 2 reaction. Making them more chemically reactive would facilitate their excretion but also increases their chance of reacting with cellular macromolecules (e.g. proteins, DNA). There is a fine balance between producing a more reactive metabolite and conjugation reactions. There are two groups of enzymes in phase 1 - oxidoreductases and hydrolases. Oxidoreductases introduce an oxygen atom into or remove electrons from their substrates. The major oxidoreductase enzyme system is called the P450 monooxygenases. Other systems include flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO), cyclooxygenases (COX) and monoamine oxidases (MAO). Hydrolases hydrolyse esters, amides, epoxides and glucuronides. More...
REACT_649	phase 1_functionalization	Phase 1 of metabolism is concerned with functionalization, t...... Phase 1 of metabolism is concerned with functionalization, that is the introduction or exposure of functional groups on the chemical structure of a compound. This provides a 'handle' for phase 2 conjugating species with which to react with. Many xenobiotics are lipophilic and almost chemically inert (e.g. PAHs) so would not necessarily undergo a phase 2 reaction. Making them more chemically reactive would facilitate their excretion but also increases their chance of reacting with cellular macromolecules (e.g. proteins, DNA). There is a fine balance between producing a more reactive metabolite and conjugation reactions. There are two groups of enzymes in phase 1 - oxidoreductases and hydrolases. Oxidoreductases introduce an oxygen atom into or remove electrons from their substrates. The major oxidoreductase enzyme system is called the P450 monooxygenases. Other systems include flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO), cyclooxygenases (COX) and monoamine oxidases (MAO). Hydrolases hydrolyse esters, amides, epoxides and glucuronides. More...
REACT_13433	biological oxidations	All organisms are constantly exposed to foreign chemicals ev...... All organisms are constantly exposed to foreign chemicals every day. These can be man-made. Once chemicals undergo functionalization, the electrophilic or nucleophilic species can be detrimental to biological systems. Electrophiles can react with electron-rich macromolecules such as proteins, DNA and RNA by covalent interaction whilst nucleophiles have the potential to interact with biological receptors. That's why conjugation is so important as it mops up these potentially reactive species. Many chemicals, when exposed to certain metabolizing enzymes can induce those enzymes, a process called enzyme induction. The effect of this is that these chemicals accelerate their own biotransformation and excretion. The reverse is also true where some chemicals cause enzyme inhibition. Some other factors that alter enzyme levels are sex, age and genetic predisposition. Between species, there can be considerable differences in biotransformation ability which is a problem faced by drug researchers interpreting toxicological results to humans. More...

SMOX related interactors from protein-protein interaction data in HPRD (count: 0)

Gene Report

Gene mapped GO terms

Gene mapped Reactome pathways