Neurobiological Component Report

Name	Slow wave sleep (SWS)
Description	Slow-wave sleep (SWS), often referred to as deep sleep, consists of stages 3 and 4 of non-rapid eye movement sleep, according to the Rechtschaffen & Kales (R & K) standard of 1968. As of 2008, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) has discontinued the use of stage 4, such that the previous stages 3 and 4 now are combined as stage 3. An epoch (30 seconds of sleep) which consists of 20% or more slow wave (delta) sleep, now is considered to be stage 3.
Picture	From Wiki.
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	4 (4/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
slow wave sleep	Antonijevic, 2003	patients and normal controls		Sleep alterations typically associated with depression, name...... Sleep alterations typically associated with depression, namely a reduction in sleep continuity and slow wave sleep (SWS) and an increase in REM density, were prominent in post- but not in premenopausal patients. In premenopausal patients we noted primarily a shift in SWS(slow wave sleep) and delta-EEG activity from the first to the second non-REM period, which was not related to age or hormone secretion. More...
slow wave sleep	Yetkin, 2010	patients and normal controls		Compared to the normal controls, the PTSD (post-traumatic st...... Compared to the normal controls, the PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) patients with MDD had decreased slow wave sleep (SWS), and a reduced rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency. More...
slow wave sleep	Brower, 2011	patients and normal controls		MDD showed a significantly blunted slow wave activity (SWA) ...... MDD showed a significantly blunted slow wave activity (SWA) response to sleep delay. Men with MDD had the least SWA in the first non-rapid eye movement (NREM) period (impaired accumulation of sleep drive) More...

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
slow wave sleep (SWS)		Hydrocortisone(cortisol)	molecule	Staner, 2003	patients only		Post-DXM cortisol escape and sleep architecture disturbances...... Post-DXM cortisol escape and sleep architecture disturbances (consisting of a shortening of REMS latency and a decreased SWS) identified patients belonging to cluster II (n=39). Our results suggest that different biological dysfunctions could each underlie particular neuroendocrine and sleep EEG disturbances in major depression. More...

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Note:
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Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

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