Symptoms Report

Name	Rhythm disturbances
Description	Circadian alterations (e.g., mood fluctuations, sleep disturbances) are a frequent clinical manifestation of depression as well as features reported in healthy volunteers in terms of diurnal variation in subjective measures of mood. Regarding depression, the classic symptom of the melancholic subtype of major depression is even represented by diurnal mood variation. In particular, the early morning worsening has been always considered as a melancholic features. The most studied circadian alterations in depression are sleep abnormalities, reported by 50-85% of patients. However, other blunted rhythms appear to be abnormal, such as central body temperature and hormonal rhythms, possibly linked to dysfunctions of the recently described clock-genes system (E. Gaspar-Barba, et al.2009. PMID: 19285347).
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	1 (1/0)

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
rhythm disturbances(eveningness-type)		Increased agitation(anxiety)	symptoms	Gaspar-Barba, 2009	patients only		The eveningness-type group showed higher scores in suicidal ...... The eveningness-type group showed higher scores in suicidal thoughts, more impaired work and activities, higher paranoid symptoms, higher scores on the anxiety cluster (HRSD) More...
rhythm disturbances(morningness-type)		Depressed mood(melancholic symptoms)	symptoms	Gaspar-Barba, 2009	patients only		the morningness-type group showed lower proportion of melanc...... the morningness-type group showed lower proportion of melancholic symptoms (MINI). More...
rhythm disturbances(eveningness-type)		Psychotic symptoms(paranoid symptoms)	symptoms	Gaspar-Barba, 2009	patients only		The eveningness-type group showed higher scores in suicidal ...... The eveningness-type group showed higher scores in suicidal thoughts, more impaired work and activities, higher paranoid symptoms, higher scores on the anxiety cluster (HRSD) More...
rhythm disturbances(eveningness-type)		Suicide(suicidal thoughts)	symptoms	Gaspar-Barba, 2009	patients only		The eveningness-type group showed higher scores in suicidal ...... The eveningness-type group showed higher scores in suicidal thoughts, more impaired work and activities, higher paranoid symptoms, higher scores on the anxiety cluster (HRSD) More...

---

Note:
1. The different color of the nodes denotes the level of the nodes.

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

2. User can drag the nodes to rearrange the layout of the network. Click the node will enter the report page of the node. Right-click will show also the menus to link to the report page of the node and remove the node and related edges. Hover the node will show the level of the node and hover the edge will show the evidence/description of the edge.
3. The network is generated using Cytoscape Web