Brain Morphology and Function Report

Name	Paraventricular nucleus
Brain Morphology	The paraventricular nucleus (PVN or PVH) is a neuronal nucleus in the hypothalamus.
Brain Function	It contains multiple subpopulations of neurons that are activated by a variety of stressful and/or physiological changes. Many PVN neurons project directly to the posterior pituitary where they release oxytocin or vasopressin into the general circulation. Other PVN neurons control various anterior pituitary functions, while still others directly regulate appetite and autonomic functions in the brainstem and spinal cord.
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	2(2/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
paraventricular nucleus	Manaye, 2005	patients and normal controls		The results revealed a selective, robust reduction of approx...... The results revealed a selective, robust reduction of approximately 50% in total neuron number in the PVN (paraventricular nucleus) for major depression and bipolar cases compared with age-matched controls More...

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
paraventricular nucleus		GAL(galanin)	gene	Davidson, 2011	animal model		GAL5.1 activated promoter activity in neurones of the PVN GAL5.1 activated promoter activity in neurones of the PVN

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Note:
1. The different color of the nodes denotes the level of the nodes.

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

2. User can drag the nodes to rearrange the layout of the network. Click the node will enter the report page of the node. Right-click will show also the menus to link to the report page of the node and remove the node and related edges. Hover the node will show the level of the node and hover the edge will show the evidence/description of the edge.
3. The network is generated using Cytoscape Web