Brain Morphology and Function Report

Name	Inferior frontal gyrus
Brain Morphology	The inferior frontal gyrus is a gyrus of the frontal lobe of the human brain. Its superior border is the inferior frontal sulcus, its inferior border the lateral fissure, and its posterior border is the inferior precentral sulcus. Above it is the middle frontal gyrus, behind it the precentral gyrus.
Brain Function	The right inferior frontal gyrus has been typically implicated in go/no go tasks. In such a task, the participant has to inhibit a prepotent response (for instance stop pressing a button when a red signal appears). It seems that the same area is also implicated in risk aversion: a study found that higher risk aversion correlated with higher activity at inferior frontal gyrus. This might be explained as an inhibition signal to accept a risky option. Disruption of activity of this area with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation or Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) indeed leads to change in risk attitudes, as behaviorally demonstrated by choices over risky outcomes.
Picture	From Wiki.
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	6(6/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
inferior frontal gyri	Dichter, 2009	patients and normal controls		During sad blocks, the MDD group demonstrated greater activa...... During sad blocks, the MDD group demonstrated greater activation in a number of prefrontal regions, including the mid-, inferior, and orbito-frontal gyri and the anterior cingulate, suggesting that relatively more prefrontal brain activation was required to disengage from the sad images to respond to the target events. More...
inferior frontal gyrus	Matthews, 2009	patients and normal controls		A group by trial difficulty interaction on error-related act...... A group by trial difficulty interaction on error-related activation in bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and left supragenual ACC was observed, suggesting a demand-specific failure of this circuitry in MDD. More...
inferior frontal gyrus	Klok, 2010	patients and normal controls	P-value < .05	Significantly lower expression levels (30-50%) were detected...... Significantly lower expression levels (30-50%) were detected for MR or GR in hippocampal, inferior frontal gyrus and cingulate gyrus tissue from MDD patients (p < .05) More...

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
inferior frontal gyrus		Emotion(emotional reactivity)	cognition and behavior	van Wingen, 2011	patients and normal controls		The depressed individuals performed worse than recovered and...... The depressed individuals performed worse than recovered and healthy individuals on the emotion-labelling but not the emotion-matching task. The labelling deficit was related to increased recruitment of the right amygdala, left inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex. More...
inferior frontal gyrus		Depressed mood(depressed mood)	symptoms	Wu, 2008	patients only		Positive correlations (defined as reduced HDRS scores associ...... Positive correlations (defined as reduced HDRS scores associated with areas having reduced relative cerebral glucose metabolism after TSD) were found in the inferior frontal gyrus More...
inferior frontal gyrus		Depressed mood(depression)	symptoms	Herwig, 2010	patients and normal controls		While anticipating pictures of unknown valence, activation p...... While anticipating pictures of unknown valence, activation patterns in depressed patients within the medial and dorsolateral prefrontal areas, inferior frontal gyrus, insula and medial thalamus were similar to activations associated with expecting unpleasant pictures. The activity within a majority of these areas correlated with the depression scores. More...

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Note:
1. The different color of the nodes denotes the level of the nodes.

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

2. User can drag the nodes to rearrange the layout of the network. Click the node will enter the report page of the node. Right-click will show also the menus to link to the report page of the node and remove the node and related edges. Hover the node will show the level of the node and hover the edge will show the evidence/description of the edge.
3. The network is generated using Cytoscape Web