MK4MDD

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus Search Cross Data Search

Study Report

Reference

Citation	Gonul, 2004 PubMed
Full Info	Gonul, A.S., Kula, M., Bilgin, A.G., Tutus, A. and Oguz, A. (2004) The regional cerebral blood flow changes in major depressive disorder with and without psychotic features. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 28, 1015-1021.

Study

Hypothesis or Background	Depressive patients with psychotic features demonstrate distinct biological abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), dopaminergic activity, electroencephalogram sleep profiles and measures of serotonergic function when compared to nonpsychotic depressive patients. However, very few functional neuroimaging studies were specifically designed for studying the effects of psychotic features on neuroimaging findings in depressed patients.
Sample Information	Twenty-eight patients who fully met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD, 12 had psychotic features) were included in the study. They were compared with 16 control subjects matched for age, gender and education.
Method Detail	The objective of the present study was to compare brain Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) images in a group of unmedicated depressive patients with and without psychotic features.
Method Keywords	single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Result	Both psychotic and nonpsychotic depressed patients showed significantly lower regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values in the left and right superior frontal cortex, and left anterior cingulate cortex compared to those of controls. In comparison with depressive patients without psychotic features (DwoPF), depressive patients with psychotic features (DwPF) showed significantly lower rCBF perfusion ratios in left parietal cortex, left cerebellum but had higher rCBF perfusion ratio in the left inferior frontal cortex and caudate nucleus.
Conclusions	The present study showed that DwPF have a different rCBF pattern compared to patients without psychotic features. Abnormalities involving inferior frontal cortex, striatum and cerebellum may play an important role in the generation of psychotic symptoms in depression.

Relationships reported by Gonul, 2004

Component A Approved Name (Name in Paper)	Component A Type	Component B Approved Name (Name in Paper)	Component B Type	Statistical Result	Relationship Description	Result Category (Positive/Negative))
Psychotic symptoms (psychotic symptoms)	symptoms	Caudate nucleus (caudate nucleus)	brain morphology and function		Depressive patients with psychotic features (DwPF) showed significantly lower rCBF perfusion ratios in left parietal cortex, left cerebellum but had higher rCBF perfusion ratio in the left inferior frontal cortex and caudate nucleus.	Positive
Psychotic symptoms (psychotic symptoms)	symptoms	left cerebellum (left cerebellum)	brain morphology and function		Depressive patients with psychotic features (DwPF) showed significantly lower rCBF perfusion ratios in left parietal cortex, left cerebellum but had higher rCBF perfusion ratio in the left inferior frontal cortex and caudate nucleus.	Positive
Psychotic symptoms (psychotic symptoms)	symptoms	left inferior frontal cortex (left inferior frontal cortex)	brain morphology and function		Depressive patients with psychotic features (DwPF) showed significantly lower rCBF perfusion ratios in left parietal cortex, left cerebellum but had higher rCBF perfusion ratio in the left inferior frontal cortex and caudate nucleus.	Positive
Psychotic symptoms (psychotic symptoms)	symptoms	left parietal cortex (left parietal cortex)	brain morphology and function		Depressive patients with psychotic features (DwPF) showed significantly lower rCBF perfusion ratios in left parietal cortex, left cerebellum but had higher rCBF perfusion ratio in the left inferior frontal cortex and caudate nucleus.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	left anterior cingulate (left anterior cingulate cortex)	brain morphology and function		Both psychotic and nonpsychotic depressed patients showed significantly lower regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values in the left and right superior frontal cortex, and left anterior cingulate cortex compared to those of controls.	Positive
MDD	syndrome	superior frontal cortex (superior frontal cortex)	brain morphology and function		Both psychotic and nonpsychotic depressed patients showed significantly lower regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values in the left and right superior frontal cortex, and left anterior cingulate cortex compared to those of controls.	Positive