Neurobiological Component Report

Name	Error-related negativity (ERN)
Description	Error-related negativity (ERN), (sometimes referred to as the Ne), is a component of an event-related potential (ERP). ERPs are electrical activity in the brain as measured through electroencephalography (EEG) and time-locked to an external event (e.g., presentation of a visual stimulus or an error of commission). A robust ERN component is observed after errors are committed during various choice tasks, even when the participant is not explicitly aware of making the error; however, in the case of unconscious errors the ERN is reduced. The ERN is a sharp negative going signal which begins about the same time an incorrect motor response begins, (response locked event-related potential), and typically peaks from 80-150 milliseconds (ms) after the erroneous response begins (or 40-80 ms after the onset of electromyographic activity). The ERN is the largest at frontal and central electrode sites.
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	8 (8/0)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
error-related negativity (ERN)	Holmes, 2008	patients and normal controls		Relative to comparison subjects, patients with MDD displayed...... Relative to comparison subjects, patients with MDD displayed larger error-related negativity 80 milliseconds after committing an error. More...
error-related negativity (ERN)/error negativity (Ne)	Ruchsow, 2004	patients and normal controls		Compared to controls, patients with major depressive disorde...... Compared to controls, patients with major depressive disorder showed a less negative ERN/Ne in error trials following error trials. More...
error-related negativity (ERN)/error negativity (Ne)	Ruchsow, 2006	patients and normal controls		Patients with major depressive disorder again showed a less ...... Patients with major depressive disorder again showed a less negative ERN/Ne amplitude in error trials following error trials. More...
error-related negativity component	Chiu, 2007	patients and normal controls		Across all conditions, the depressed participants exhibited ...... Across all conditions, the depressed participants exhibited greater amplitude of the error-related negativity component, relative to the comparison subjects More...
Error-related negativity (ERN)	Georgiadi, 2011	patients and normal controls	P-value < 0.05	Results showed an abnormally larger ERN (p<.05) in remitted ...... Results showed an abnormally larger ERN (p<.05) in remitted patients, especially in younger cases. More...

Name in Literature	Related Components
	Level	Approved Name(Name in Literature)	Type	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description	All
error-related negativity (ERN)/error negativity (Ne)		Cognitive control(impaired response monitoring processes)	cognition and behavior	Ruchsow, 2006	patients and normal controls		Patients with major depressive disorder again showed a less ...... Patients with major depressive disorder again showed a less negative ERN/Ne amplitude in error trials following error trials. This result might reflect impaired response monitoring processes in major depressive disorder. More...
error negative waves		Depressed mood(depressive symptoms)	symptoms	Kalayam, 2003	patients only		Nine subjects who remained symptomatic had larger left front...... Nine subjects who remained symptomatic had larger left frontal error negative waves than the subjects who achieved remission. Left frontal error negative waves were correlated with percent change of depressive symptoms from baseline. More...
error-related negativity (ERN)		Low energy(psychomotor retardation)	symptoms	Schrijvers, 2008	patients and normal controls		Correlations of the error negativity (Ne)/error-related nega...... Correlations of the error negativity (Ne)/error-related negativity (ERN) amplitude with several psychomotor variables were strong. More...
error-related negativity (ERN)		Depressed mood(depression)	symptoms	Olvet, 2010	patients and normal controls		depression severity related to the CRN and the differentiati...... depression severity related to the CRN and the differentiation between the ERN and CRN (DeltaERN) in the MDD group: more severe depression was associated with an increased CRN and a reduced DeltaERN More...

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Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

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