Genes altered in major depressive disorder
Genes altered in major depressive disorder
Positive relationships between TAF11 and other components at different levels (count: 0)
Positive relationship network of TAF11 in MK4MDD
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Note:
1. The different color of the nodes denotes the level of the nodes.
Genetic/Epigenetic Locus
Protein and Other Molecule
Cell and Molecular Pathway
Neural System
Cognition and Behavior
Symptoms and Signs
Environment
MDD
2. Besides the component related relationships from literature, gene mapped protein and protein mapped gene are also shown in the network.
If the mapped gene or protein is not from literature, square node would be used instead of Circle node.
Accordingly, the relationship is marked with dot line.
2. User can drag the nodes to rearrange the layout of the network. Click the node will enter the report page of the node.
Right-click will show also the menus to link to the report page of the node and remove the node and related edges.
Hover the node will show the level of the node and hover the edge will show the evidence/description of the edge.
3. The network is generated using Cytoscape Web
Negative relationships between TAF11 and MDD (count: 0)
Negative relationships between TAF11 and other components at different levels (count: 0)
The life cycle of HIV-1 is divided into early and late phase......
The life cycle of HIV-1 is divided into early and late phases, shown schematically in the figure. In the early phase, an HIV-1 virion binds to receptors and co-receptors on the human host cell surface. Most of the crucial concepts used to describe these processes were originally elucidated in studies of retroviruses associated with tumors in chickens, birds, and other animal model systems, and the rapid elucidation of the basic features of the HIV-1 life cycle was critically dependent on the intellectual framework provided by these earlier studies. This earlier work has been very well summarized ; here for brevity and clarity we focus on experimental studies specific to the HIV-1 life cycle.More...
Gene Expression covers the process of transcription of mRNA ......
Gene Expression covers the process of transcription of mRNA genes, the processing of pre-mRNA, and its subsequent translation to result in a protein. The expression of non-protein-coding genes is not included in this section yet. However, the transcription of RNAs other than mRNA is described in the section on transcription; in the sections 'RNA Polymerase I Transcription', and 'RNA Polymerase III Transcription'.More...
Expression of the integrated HIV-1 provirus is dependent on ......
Expression of the integrated HIV-1 provirus is dependent on the host cell Pol II transcription machinery, but is regulated in critical ways by HIV-1 Tat and Rev proteins. The long terminal repeats. The Tat protein is an RNA specific trans-activator of LTR-mediated transcription. Association of Tat with TAR, a RNA stem-loop within the RNA leader sequence, is required for efficient elongation of the HIV-1 transcript. In the early phase of viral transcription, a multiply-spliced set of mRNAs is generated, producing the transcripts of the regulatory proteins, Tat, Rev, and Nef. In the late phase, Rev regulates nuclear export of HIV-1 mRNAs, repressing expression of the early regulatory mRNAs and promoting expression of viral structural proteins. Nuclear export of the unspliced and partially spliced late HIV-1 transcripts that encode the structural proteins requires the association of Rev with a cis-acting RNA sequence in the transcripts (Rev Response Element, RRE).More...
Formation of the open complex exposes the template strand to......
Formation of the open complex exposes the template strand to the catalytic center of the RNA polymerase II enzyme. This facilitates formation of the first phosphodiester bond, which marks transcription initiation. As a result of this, the TFIIB basal transcription factor dissociates from the initiation complex. The open transcription initiation complex is unstable and can revert to the closed state. Initiation at this stage requires continued (d)ATP-hydrolysis by TFIIH. Dinucleotide transcripts are not stably associated with the transcription complex. Upon dissociation they form abortive products. The transcription complex is also sensitive to inhibition by small oligo-nucleotides. Dinucleotides complementary to position -1 and +1 in the template can also direct first phosphodiester bond formation. This reaction is independent on the basal transcription factors TFIIE and TFIIH and does not involve full open complex formation. This reaction is sensitive to inhibition by single-stranded oligonucleotides.More...
The late phase of the HIV-1 life cycle includes the regulate......
The late phase of the HIV-1 life cycle includes the regulated expression of the HIV gene products and the assembly of viral particles. The assembly of viral particles will be covered in a later release of Reactome. HIV-1 gene expression is regulated by both cellular and viral proteins. Although the initial activation of the HIV-1 transcription is facilitated by cellular transcription factors including NF-kappa B , this activation results in the production of primarily short transcripts. Expression of high levels of the full length HIV-1 transcript requires the function of the HIV-1 Tat protein which promotes elongation of the HIV-1 transcript. The HIV-1 Rev protein is required post-transcriptionally for the expression of the late genes. Rev functions by promoting the nuclear export of unspliced and partially spliced transcripts that encode the major structural proteins Gag, Pol and Env, and the majority of the accessory proteins (Malim et al., 1989; reviewed in Pollard and Malim 1998.More...
Transcription by RNA Polymerase I, RNA Polymerase III and tr......
Transcription by RNA Polymerase I, RNA Polymerase III and transcription from mitochondrial promoters.More...
Before a gene transcript is ready to be transported out of t......
Before a gene transcript is ready to be transported out of the nucleus, it has to undergo three major processing events to produce a fully translatable mRNA. These comprise capping, splicing out of introns from within the body of the pre-mRNA, and the generation of a 3' end, by cleavage, and except in the case of histone pre-mRNAs, polyadenylation. Although each of these reactions is a biochemically distinct process, these processes are interlinked and hence, influence one another's specificity and efficiency. On the other hand, most mRNA processing reactions occur co-transcriptionally. This is particularly important in very long genes where a strictly post-transcriptional processing would imply the existence of extremely long primary transcript molecules that would be susceptible to degradation. The co-transcriptional nature of pre-mRNA processing does not necessarily imply a functional coupling between the transcription and mRNA processing machineries. In some cases it may simply reflect that processing reactions occur during transcription because they are relatively fast compared with the time it takes to transcribe a gene to its end. In other cases a tight link exists between a particular processing reaction and the transcription process, due to the ability of the carboxy-terminal (CTD) of RNA polymerase II largest subunit to bind or recruit processing factors. The CTD consists of 52 heptad repeats (YSPTSPS). Specific phosphorylation/dephosphorylation patterns of serines 2 and 5 are critical for CTD function in coupling. CTD deletions that do not inactivate transcription significantly decrease the efficiency of capping, splicing and polyadenylation. The export of mRNA from the nucleus and mRNA splicing are also coupled. Mature mRNAs generated by splicing are more efficiently exported than their identical counterparts transcribed from a complementary DNA (cDNA). This effect of splicing on export is due to the recruitment of the mRNA export factor ALY to the mRNA during the splicing reaction, which in turn delivers the mRNP to the nuclear pore for export.More...
The global pandemic of Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV-1 a......
The global pandemic of Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV-1 and the less common HIV-2 belong to the family of retroviruses. HIV-1 contains a single-stranded RNA genome that is 9 kilobases in length and contains 9 genes that encode 15 different proteins. These proteins are classified as: structural proteins. HIV infection cycle can be divided into two phases: 1. An Early phase consisting of early events occuring after HIV infection of a susceptible target cell and a 2. Late phase comprising the later events in the HIV-infected cell resulting in the assembly of new infectious virions. The section titled HIV lifecycle consists of annotations of events in these two phases. The virus has developed various molecular strategies to suppress the antiviral immune responses. The section titled Host interactions of HIV factors will highlight these complex post-infection processes and the annotations will be released in near future.More...
Basic Information
Positive relationships between TAF11 and other components at different levels (count: 0)
