Gene Report

Basic Information

Approved Symbol	PDK4
Approved Name	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 4
Previous Name	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isoenzyme 4
Location	7q21.3-q22.1
Position	chr7:95212809-95225925 (-)
External Links	Entrez Gene: 5166 Ensembl: ENSG00000004799 UCSC: uc003uoa.3 HGNC ID: 8812
No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	1(0/1)
Type	Literature-origin

Positive relationships between PDK4 and MDD (count: 0)

Positive relationships between PDK4 and other components at different levels (count: 0)

Positive relationship network of PDK4 in MK4MDD

Network loading ...

Note:
1. The different color of the nodes denotes the level of the nodes.

Genetic/Epigenetic Locus	Protein and Other Molecule	Cell and Molecular Pathway	Neural System	Cognition and Behavior	Symptoms and Signs	Environment	MDD

2. Besides the component related relationships from literature, gene mapped protein and protein mapped gene are also shown in the network. If the mapped gene or protein is not from literature, square node would be used instead of Circle node. Accordingly, the relationship is marked with dot line.
2. User can drag the nodes to rearrange the layout of the network. Click the node will enter the report page of the node. Right-click will show also the menus to link to the report page of the node and remove the node and related edges. Hover the node will show the level of the node and hover the edge will show the evidence/description of the edge.
3. The network is generated using Cytoscape Web

Negative relationships between PDK4 and MDD (count: 1)

Name in Literature	Reference	Research Type	Statistical Result	Relation Description
PDK4	Wray, 2010	patients and normal controls		Top ten ranked genes from gene-based test for genes +/-50 kb...... Top ten ranked genes from gene-based test for genes +/-50 kb from start and stop positions More...

Negative relationships between PDK4 and other components at different levels (count: 0)

PDK4 related SNPs in MK4MDD (count: 0)

PDK4 related proteins in MK4MDD (count: 1)

Approved Name	UniportKB	No. of Studies (Positive/Negative)	Source
[Pyruvate dehydrogenase [lipoamide]] kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial	Q16654	0(0/0)	Gene mapped

PDK4 related GO terms (count: 27)

ID	Name	Type	Evidence
Literature-origin GO terms
GO:0032553	ribonucleotide binding	molecular function	IEA
GO:0032553	ribonucleotide binding	molecular function	IEA
GO:0032553	ribonucleotide binding	molecular function	IDA[18658136]

ID	Name	Type	Evidence
Gene mapped GO terms
GO:0042593	glucose homeostasis	biological process	ISS
GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	molecular function	IDA[18658136]
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	cellular component	TAS[8798399]
GO:0005524	ATP binding	molecular function	IDA[18658136]
GO:0006885	regulation of pH	biological process	ISS
GO:0042304	regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process	biological process	IMP
GO:0004740	pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) kinase activity	molecular function	ISS
GO:0009267	cellular response to starvation	biological process	IDA[14966024]
GO:0010510	regulation of acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate	biological process	IMP; TAS
GO:2000811	negative regulation of anoikis	biological process	IMP
GO:0046320	regulation of fatty acid oxidation	biological process	ISS
GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	biological process	IDA[18658136]; TAS[8798399]
GO:0008286	insulin receptor signaling pathway	biological process	IMP
GO:0006006	glucose metabolic process	biological process	IEA
GO:0005759	mitochondrial matrix	cellular component	TAS
GO:0010565	regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process	biological process	ISS
GO:0010906	regulation of glucose metabolic process	biological process	IMP
GO:0005743	mitochondrial inner membrane	cellular component	IEA
GO:0072593	reactive oxygen species metabolic process	biological process	IMP
GO:0042594	response to starvation	biological process	ISS
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process	biological process	TAS
GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	molecular function	IEA
GO:0006090	pyruvate metabolic process	biological process	TAS
GO:0071398	cellular response to fatty acid	biological process	IMP

PDK4 related KEGG pathways (count: 0)

PDK4 related BioCarta pathways (count: 0)

PDK4 related Reactome pathways (count: 4)

ID	Name	Description
Gene mapped Reactome pathways
REACT_1505	integration of_energy_metabolism	Many hormones that affect individual physiological processes...... Many hormones that affect individual physiological processes including the regulation of appetite, absorption, transport, and oxidation of foodstuffs influence energy metabolism pathways. While insulin mediates the storage of excess nutrients, glucagon is involved in the mobilization of energy resources in response to low blood glucose levels, principally by stimulating hepatic glucose output. Small doses of glucagon are sufficient to induce significant glucose elevations. These hormone-driven regulatory pathways enable the body to sense and respond to changed amounts of nutrients in the blood and demands for energy. Glucagon and Insulin act through various metabolites and enzymes that target specific steps in metabolic pathways for sugar and fatty acids. The processes responsible for the long-term control of fat synthesis and short term control of glycolysis by key metabolic products and enzymes are annotated in this module as six specific pathways: Pathway 1. Glucagon signalling in metabolic pathways: In response to low blood glucose, pancreatic alpha-cells release glucagon. The binding of glucagon to its receptor results in increased cAMP synthesis, and Protein Kinase A - Copyright National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.). More...
REACT_12528	regulation of_pyruvate_dehydrogenase_complex	The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase. The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase.
REACT_1046	pyruvate metabolism_and_tca_cycle	Pyruvate meyabolism and the citric acid (TCA) cycle together...... Pyruvate meyabolism and the citric acid (TCA) cycle together link the processes of energy metabolism in a human cell with one another and with key biosynthetic reactions. Pyruvate, derived from the reversible oxidation of lactate or transamination of alanine, can be converted to acetyl CoA. Other sources of acetyl CoA include breakdonw of free fatty acids and ketone bodies in the fasting state. Acetyl CoA can enter the citric acid cycle, a major source of reducing equivalents used to synthesize ATP, or enter biosynthetic pathways. In addition to its role in energy generation, the citric acid cycle is a source of carbon skeletons for amino acid metabolism and other biosynthetic processes. More...
REACT_2071	pyruvate metabolism	Pyruvate sits at an intersection of key pathways of energy m...... Pyruvate sits at an intersection of key pathways of energy metabolism. It is the end product of glycolysis and the starting point for gluconeogenesis, and can be generated by transamination of alanine. It can be converted by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex to acetyl CoA which can enter the TCA cycle or serve as the starting point for the syntheses of long chain fatty acids, steroids, and ketone bodies depending on the tissue and metabolic state in which it is formed. It also plays a central role in balancing the energy needs of various tissues in the body. Under conditions in which oxygen supply is limiting, e.g., in exercising muscle, or in the absence of mitochondria, e.g., in red blood cells, re-oxidation of NADH produced by glycolysis cannot be coupled to generation of ATP. Instead, re-oxidation is coupled to the reduction of pyruvate to lactate. This lactate is released into the blood, and is taken up primarily by the liver, where it is oxidized to pyruvate and can be used for gluconeogenesis. More...

PDK4 related interactors from protein-protein interaction data in HPRD (count: 4)

Gene	Interactor	Interactor in MK4MDD?	Experiment Type	PMID
PDK4	TRIM63	No	yeast 2-hybrid	18468620
PDK4	DLAT	No	in vitro	11978179
PDK4	PDK4	Yes	in vitro	11978179
PDK4	PDHA1	No	in vitro	12676647 , 11486000 , 11485553

Gene Report

Literature-origin GO terms

Gene mapped GO terms

Gene mapped Reactome pathways